LessApplication · Gnu

CVE-2004-2264

MEDIUM · 6.4 CVSS v2.0 Published 2004-12-31
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
73/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Format string bug in the open_altfile function in filename.c for GNU less 382, 381, and 358 might allow local users to cause a denial of service or possibly execute arbitrary code via format strings in the LESSOPEN environment variable. NOTE: since less is not setuid or setgid, then this is not a vulnerability unless there are plausible scenarios under which privilege boundaries could be crossed

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Format string vulnerability in GNU less (versions 382, 381, 358) in the open_altfile function in filename.c allows local users to execute arbitrary code or cause denial of service via malicious format string specifiers in the LESSOPEN environment variable. Since less is not setuid/setgid, practical exploitation requires specific privilege escalation scenarios.

MitigationUpgrade to a patched version of GNU less that addresses the format string vulnerability; avoid using LESSOPEN with untrusted input or disable LESSOPEN if not needed.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
LessApplication
Affected:= 358= 381= 382

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Partial
Availability
Partial

AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check installed less version
    Run 'less --version' or 'less -V' to display the version number of the installed less binary
    Affected if The version displayed is exactly 358, 381, or 382
  2. Verify LESSOPEN environment variable is set
    Run 'echo $LESSOPEN' in the shell to see if the LESSOPEN environment variable contains a value
    Affected if LESSOPEN is set to any value (indicating less will attempt to process this file for opening)
  3. Confirm LESSOPEN is actively used by less
    Check if the LESSOPEN variable points to a valid script or command by running 'ls -l $(echo $LESSOPEN | cut -d' ' -f1)' to verify the path exists
    Affected if LESSOPEN points to a valid executable path and will be invoked by less when opening files
  4. Check for untrusted LESSOPEN input scenarios
    Review if less is run in contexts where LESSOPEN could be set by untrusted sources, such as in scripts, automated tools, or multi-user environments
    Affected if LESSOPEN can be influenced or set by untrusted users or processes in your environment

You are affected only if your installed less version is exactly 358, 381, or 382 AND the LESSOPEN environment variable is set and will be used when less opens files.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Upgrade to a patched version of GNU less that addresses the format string vulnerability; avoid using LESSOPEN with untrusted input or disable LESSOPEN if not needed.

Fix this in Less Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
10.0 hours of engineering $1,750
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2004-2264 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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