FreeimageApplication · Freeimage Project

CVE-2020-21427

HIGH · 7.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2023-08-22
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
81/100
Remediation priority · High
No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function LoadPixelDataRLE8 in PluginBMP.cpp in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows remote attackers to run arbitrary code and cause other impacts via crafted image file.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Buffer overflow in FreeImage 3.18.0's BMP plugin function LoadPixelDataRLE8 during RLE8 compressed image decompression. A specially crafted BMP file with malformed RLE data can cause a heap or stack buffer overflow, allowing remote code execution.

MitigationUpdate to patched FreeImage version; implement bounds checking in LoadPixelDataRLE8 to validate RLE run lengths against buffer size before decompression; validate input BMP file structure before processing.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
FreeimageApplication
Affected:= 3.18.0

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify FreeImage library version
    Locate the FreeImage library binary (commonly libfreeimage.so on Linux, FreeImage.dll on Windows, or libfreeimage.dylib on macOS) and query its version using file metadata, version info resources, or a tool that can read library version headers
    Affected if The reported version is exactly 3.18.0
  2. Verify BMP plugin is loaded
    Confirm the FreeImage build includes BMP plugin support by checking for the presence of the BMP plugin module or its functionality within the FreeImage library
    Affected if BMP file processing capability is enabled in the FreeImage installation
  3. Determine if RLE8 compressed BMP processing occurs
    Inspect application logs, file processing patterns, or network inputs to identify if the system processes BMP files with RLE8 compression (Run-Length Encoded 8-bit)
    Affected if RLE8 compressed BMP files are being decompressed using the affected FreeImage 3.18.0 library

You are affected if FreeImage version 3.18.0 is in use AND BMP files with RLE8 compression are being processed, as this triggers the vulnerable LoadPixelDataRLE8 function.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Update to patched FreeImage version; implement bounds checking in LoadPixelDataRLE8 to validate RLE run lengths against buffer size before decompression; validate input BMP file structure before processing.

Recommended fix Moderate confidence

FreeImage latest stable release (3.19.0 or later)

  1. 1. Identify all applications and systems that depend on FreeImage version 3.18.0
  2. 2. Check if your Linux distribution has released a security update for FreeImage (e.g., Debian security updates, Fedora updates)
  3. 3. If using FreeImage directly from source, download the latest stable release from the official SourceForge repository
  4. 4. Replace the vulnerable FreeImage 3.18.0 library files with the updated version
  5. 5. Rebuild any applications that link against FreeImage to ensure they use the new library
  6. 6. Verify the fix by testing image processing functionality, especially with RLE-compressed BMP files
Caveat Minor: Verify custom code using LoadPixelDataRLE8 function still works correctly with updated library, as internal implementation may have changed

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Freeimage Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
11.0 hours of engineering $1,930
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2020-21427 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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