ThunderbirdApplication · Mozilla

CVE-2021-29949

HIGH · 7.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2021-06-24
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 78.9.1 or later.
See remediation →
81/100
Remediation priority · High
No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
When loading the shared library that provides the OTR protocol implementation, Thunderbird will initially attempt to open it using a filename that isn't distributed by Thunderbird. If a computer has already been infected with a malicious library of the alternative filename, and the malicious library has been copied to a directory that is contained in the search path for executable libraries, then Thunderbird will load the incorrect library. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 78.9.1.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Thunderbird attempts to load an OTR protocol shared library using a filename that differs from the one distributed with the application. If a malicious library with that alternative filename already exists in a directory within the system's executable library search path, Thunderbird will load and execute the malicious code instead of the legitimate library. This is a classic library search order hijacking vulnerability requiring pre-existing system compromise.

MitigationUpgrade Thunderbird to version 78.9.1 or later. Additionally, ensure systems are not already compromised and that only trusted, secure directories are included in the system library search path.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
ThunderbirdApplication
Affected:< 78.9.1

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Verify Thunderbird installation
    Check if Thunderbird is installed on the system. On Linux, use 'which thunderbird' or check /usr/bin/thunderbird. On Windows, check Program Files for Mozilla Thunderbird folder or look in the registry.
    Affected if Thunderbird is not installed on the system.
  2. Determine installed Thunderbird version
    Run Thunderbird with version flag: 'thunderbird --version' on Linux, or check the application properties in Windows. On macOS, right-click Thunderbird in Applications and select Get Info.
    Affected if The version displayed cannot be determined or retrieved.
  3. Compare version against affected range
    Compare the installed version number to the affected range: versions prior to 78.9.1 are vulnerable. Note that version 78.9.1 and later are patched.
    Affected if The installed Thunderbird version is less than 78.9.1 (for example, 78.9.0, 78.8.x, 78.7.x, or any earlier major version).
  4. Identify OTR library loading behavior
    This vulnerability stems from Thunderbird loading an OTR protocol library with a different filename than distributed. If your system is already compromised with a malicious library in a system library path, exploitation could occur. Review system library search paths (echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH on Linux, check PATH on Windows).
    Affected if Untrusted directories exist in system library search paths AND Thunderbird version is below 78.9.1.

A user is affected if their installed Thunderbird version is lower than 78.9.1 AND an attacker has already placed a malicious library with the alternate filename in a directory within the system's executable library search path.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Upgrade available Upgrade to 78.9.1 or later
Fixed in 78.9.1
Interim mitigation

Upgrade Thunderbird to version 78.9.1 or later. Additionally, ensure systems are not already compromised and that only trusted, secure directories are included in the system library search path.

Fix this in Thunderbird Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation1.0 h
  • Implementation2.0 h
  • Testing1.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
5.0 hours of engineering $890
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,424.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2021-29949 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2021-29949 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data