ForemanApplication · Theforeman

CVE-2021-3494

MEDIUM · 5.9 CVSS v3.1 Published 2021-04-26
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 2.5.0 or later.
See remediation →
68/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A smart proxy that provides a restful API to various sub-systems of the Foreman is affected by the flaw which can cause a Man-in-the-Middle attack. The FreeIPA module of Foreman smart proxy does not check the SSL certificate, thus, an unauthenticated attacker can perform actions in FreeIPA if certain conditions are met. The highest threat from this flaw is to system confidentiality. This flaw affects Foreman versions before 2.5.0.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The FreeIPA module in Foreman smart proxy fails to validate SSL certificates when communicating with FreeIPA servers. This allows a Man-in-the-Middle attacker to intercept and potentially manipulate the communication between the smart proxy and FreeIPA, enabling an unauthenticated attacker to perform actions in FreeIPA under certain conditions.

MitigationUpgrade Foreman to version 2.5.0 or later which includes SSL certificate validation. Until then, isolate smart proxy and FreeIPA communications on trusted networks to reduce MitM attack vectors.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
ForemanApplication
Affected:< 2.5.0

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check Foreman version
    Determine the installed version of Foreman (e.g., from package manager, about page, or version file). Compare it against the affected range: versions prior to 2.5.0 are affected.
    Affected if Foreman version is below 2.5.0
  2. Verify FreeIPA integration is in use
    Inspect the smart proxy configuration to determine if the FreeIPA module is enabled or configured. Look for FreeIPA-related settings, files, or modules in the smart proxy setup.
    Affected if FreeIPA module is enabled or configured in the smart proxy
  3. Inspect SSL certificate settings for FreeIPA
    Examine the configuration files or settings that govern SSL/TLS communication between the smart proxy and FreeIPA servers. Look for parameters controlling certificate verification or validation.
    Affected if SSL certificate validation is disabled, missing, or not enforced for FreeIPA connections

You are affected if you are running Foreman version below 2.5.0 and the FreeIPA module is configured in your smart proxy environment.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Upgrade available Upgrade to 2.5.0 or later
Fixed in 2.5.0
Interim mitigation

Upgrade Foreman to version 2.5.0 or later which includes SSL certificate validation. Until then, isolate smart proxy and FreeIPA communications on trusted networks to reduce MitM attack vectors.

Fix this in Foreman Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation6.0 h
  • Testing5.0 h
  • Review / QA3.0 h
17.0 hours of engineering $2,970
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $4,752.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2021-3494 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2021-3494 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data