Actively exploited in the wild. This CVE is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list — treat remediation as urgent. Federal remediation due by 17 Nov 2021. Known ransomware use
Windows 10 1507Operating system · Microsoft

CVE-2021-40444

HIGH · 8.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2021-09-15
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 10.0.10240.19060 / 10.0.14393.4651 or later.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
In the wild Ransomware High EPSS Public exploit Remotely reachable No privileges Patch available

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Microsoft is investigating reports of a remote code execution vulnerability in MSHTML that affects Microsoft Windows. Microsoft is aware of targeted attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability by using specially-crafted Microsoft Office documents. An attacker could craft a malicious ActiveX control to be used by a Microsoft Office document that hosts the browser rendering engine. The attacker would then have to convince the user to open the malicious document. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights. Microsoft Defender Antivirus and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint both provide detection and protections for the known vulnerability. Customers should keep antimalware products up to date. Customers who utilize automatic updates do not need to take additional action. Enterprise customers who manage updates should select the detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer and deploy it across their environments. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts will be displayed as: “Suspicious Cpl File Execution”. Upon completion of this investigation, Microsoft will take the appropriate action to help protect our customers. This may include providing a security update through our monthly release process or providing an out-of-cycle security update, depending on customer needs. Please see the Mitigations and Workaround sections for important information about steps you can take to protect your system from this vulnerability. UPDATE September 14, 2021: Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. Please see the FAQ for important information about which updates are applicable to your system.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

This is a remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft MSHTML (the HTML rendering engine used by Internet Explorer and embedded in Microsoft Office). Attackers craft malicious Office documents containing specially-designed ActiveX controls that, when opened by the victim, trigger the vulnerability and allow arbitrary code execution on the targeted system.

MitigationInstall the September 2021 Microsoft security updates for MSHTML/Windows and ensure Microsoft Defender antivirus definitions are updated to detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer. Users should avoid opening untrusted Office documents from unknown sources.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Windows 10 1507Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.10240.19060
Windows 10 1607Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.14393.4651
Windows 10 1809Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.17763.2183
Windows 10 1909Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.18363.1801
Windows 10 2004Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.19041.1237
Windows 10 20h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.19042.1237
Windows 10 21h1Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.19043.1237
Windows 7Operating system
Affected:all versions

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check Windows 10 version build number
    Open Command Prompt or PowerShell and run 'winver' or 'systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Name" /C:"OS Version"' to obtain the exact build number (e.g., 10.0.19043.xxxx)
    Affected if The build number is less than 10.0.10240.19060 (1507), less than 10.0.14393.4651 (1607), less than 10.0.17763.2183 (1809), less than 10.0.18363.1801 (1909), less than 10.0.19041.1237 (2004), less than 10.0.19042.1237 (20h2), or less than 10.0.19043.1237 (21h1)
  2. Check if running Windows 7
    Run 'winver' or check System Properties to confirm the Windows edition
    Affected if The system is running any version of Windows 7 (all versions are affected)
  3. Verify September 2021 security update is installed
    Open Control Panel > Programs and Features > View installed updates, or run 'wmic qfe list' in Command Prompt, and look for KB5005565 or subsequent MSHTML-related security updates released September 2021 or later
    Affected if The September 2021 cumulative security update for MSHTML (or subsequent relevant patch) is not installed
  4. Confirm MSHTML engine version
    Navigate to C:\Windows\System32\ and locate mshtml.dll, then right-click > Properties > Details to view the File Version
    Affected if The mshtml.dll file version is older than the version included in the September 2021 patches (exact version varies by Windows build)

The system is affected if it runs Windows 7 (any version) or Windows 10 with a build number below the thresholds listed, and the September 2021 Microsoft security updates for MSHTML are not installed.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 10.0.10240.19060 / 10.0.14393.4651 / 10.0.17763.2183 or later
Fixed in 10.0.10240.1906010.0.14393.465110.0.17763.2183
Interim mitigation

Install the September 2021 Microsoft security updates for MSHTML/Windows and ensure Microsoft Defender antivirus definitions are updated to detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer. Users should avoid opening untrusted Office documents from unknown sources.

Recommended fix High confidence

September 2021 Security Updates (KB5005565 and related patches for each Windows version)

  1. Identify current Windows version by running 'winver' or checking System Properties
  2. Determine the installed build number (e.g., 10.0.19041.1237)
  3. For Windows 10 1507: Upgrade to build 10.0.10240.19060 or later
  4. For Windows 10 1607: Upgrade to build 10.0.14393.4651 or later
  5. For Windows 10 1809: Upgrade to build 10.0.17763.2183 or later
  6. For Windows 10 1909: Upgrade to build 10.0.18363.1801 or later
  7. For Windows 10 2004: Upgrade to build 10.0.19041.1237 or later
  8. For Windows 10 20h2: Upgrade to build 10.0.19042.1237 or later
Caveat Standard Windows security update with no breaking changes expected; ensure backups and test in non-production environment before deploying broadly

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Windows 10 1507 Exploited in the wild — priority engagement
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
18.0 hours of engineering $3,200
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Scan for this in your stack

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dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2021-40444 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data