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IpadosOperating system · Apple

CVE-2023-28182

MEDIUM · 6.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2023-05-08
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 11.7.5 / 12.6.4 or later.
See remediation →
71/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The issue was addressed with improved authentication. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, iOS 16.4 and iPadOS 16.4, iOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 15.7.4, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5. A user in a privileged network position may be able to spoof a VPN server that is configured with EAP-only authentication on a device.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A man-in-the-middle vulnerability in VPN implementations using EAP-only authentication allows an attacker in a privileged network position to spoof the VPN server, intercepting or manipulating VPN traffic due to insufficient server authentication validation.

MitigationApply the Apple security updates (macOS Ventura 13.3+, iOS/iPadOS 16.4+, iOS/iPadOS 15.7.4+, macOS Monterey 12.6.4+, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5+) and consider supplementing EAP-only authentication with additional credential-based methods.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
IpadosOperating system
Affected:< 15.7.4>= 16.0, < 16.4
Iphone OsOperating system
Affected:< 15.7.4>= 16.0, < 16.4
macOSOperating system
Affected:>= 11.0, < 11.7.5>= 12.0, < 12.6.4>= 13.0, < 13.3

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Determine iOS or iPadOS version
    Go to Settings > General > About > Version. Note the build number and version (e.g., 16.3).
    Affected if Version is less than 15.7.4, or greater than or equal to 16.0 but less than 16.4
  2. Determine macOS version
    Go to System Settings > About > Version, or run 'sw_vers' in Terminal. Note the version number (e.g., 13.2).
    Affected if Version is 11.0 to 11.7.5, 12.0 to 12.6.4, or 13.0 to 13.3 (excluding the end points)
  3. Identify VPN configurations using EAP-only authentication
    On iOS/iPadOS: Settings > VPN > see configured profiles. On macOS: System Settings > VPN or check MDM/configuration profiles. Look for VPN types using EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) such as IKEv2 with EAP or EAP-based protocols.
    Affected if Any VPN profile is configured using EAP-only authentication without additional certificate or credential validation on the server side

A device is affected if it runs a vulnerable macOS/iOS/iPadOS version AND has a VPN profile configured with EAP-only authentication enabled.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 11.7.5 / 12.6.4 / 13.3 or later
Fixed in 11.7.512.6.413.3
Interim mitigation

Apply the Apple security updates (macOS Ventura 13.3+, iOS/iPadOS 16.4+, iOS/iPadOS 15.7.4+, macOS Monterey 12.6.4+, macOS Big Sur 11.7.5+) and consider supplementing EAP-only authentication with additional credential-based methods.

Recommended fix High confidence

iOS 15.7.4 and iOS 16.4; iPadOS 15.7.4 and iPadOS 16.4; macOS Big Sur 11.7.5; macOS Monterey 12.6.4; macOS Ventura 13.3

  1. Identify the current iOS, iPadOS, or macOS version on the affected device
  2. For iOS 15.x devices (iPhone): Go to Settings > General > Software Update and upgrade to iOS 15.7.4
  3. For iPadOS 15.x devices (iPad): Go to Settings > General > Software Update and upgrade to iPadOS 15.7.4
  4. For iOS 16.x devices (iPhone): Go to Settings > General > Software Update and upgrade to iOS 16.4
  5. For iPadOS 16.x devices (iPad): Go to Settings > General > Software Update and upgrade to iPadOS 16.4
  6. For macOS Big Sur 11.0-11.7.4: Go to System Preferences > Software Update and upgrade to macOS Big Sur 11.7.5
  7. For macOS Monterey 12.0-12.6.3: Go to System Preferences > Software Update and upgrade to macOS Monterey 12.6.4
  8. For macOS Ventura 13.0-13.2.x: Go to System Preferences > Software Update and upgrade to macOS Ventura 13.3
Caveat Standard OS upgrade considerations apply - review app compatibility and back up data before upgrading

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Ipados Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
9.0 hours of engineering $1,600
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2023-28182 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data