Improper Input ValidationWeakness · CWE-20

CVE-2023-28402

HIGH · 7.2 CVSS v3.1 Published 2024-05-16
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
74/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Improper input validation in some Intel(R) BIOS Guard firmware may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This vulnerability in Intel BIOS Guard firmware involves improper input validation that could allow a privileged user (already having administrative access) to further escalate their privileges through local access. BIOS Guard is a hardware-based technology that validates BIOS firmware updates before flashing, and the validation flaw could be exploited to bypass security controls.

MitigationApply the Intel BIOS Guard firmware update provided by Intel through the standard BIOS/UEFI update process, typically available via OEM firmware updates or Intel's own firmware distribution channels.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
High
Privileges
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Verify Intel BIOS Guard is present
    Check system firmware/UEFI settings or use tools like 'dmidecode' (if available with appropriate privileges) to query BIOS information for BIOS Guard module presence
    Affected if Intel BIOS Guard hardware/firmware is not listed in system BIOS information, the system is likely not affected by this specific BIOS Guard vulnerability
  2. Determine BIOS Guard firmware version
    Access the Intel BIOS Guard firmware version through UEFI setup utility under 'BIOS Guard' or 'Intel BIOS Guard' section, or use Intel-specific firmware version tools if available with admin privileges
    Affected if The installed BIOS Guard firmware version cannot be determined or is earlier than versions that include the security fix
  3. Check if BIOS Guard update mechanism is enabled
    In UEFI/BIOS settings, navigate to BIOS Guard configuration and verify whether the update validation feature is enabled. This is typically found under Security or BIOS Update settings
    Affected if BIOS Guard update functionality is enabled and the firmware version is unpatched, creating the condition for the validation bypass to be exploitable
  4. Assess local privileged access context
    Verify current user privileges using 'whoami /all' on Windows or 'id' command on Linux to determine if the user has administrative or root privileges
    Affected if The user already possesses privileged (administrator/root) access, which is a prerequisite for exploiting this privilege escalation flaw

A user is affected if their system contains Intel BIOS Guard firmware and they already hold privileged local access with an unpatched BIOS Guard firmware version.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Apply the Intel BIOS Guard firmware update provided by Intel through the standard BIOS/UEFI update process, typically available via OEM firmware updates or Intel's own firmware distribution channels.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
22.0 hours of engineering $3,860
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2023-28402 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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