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QtsOperating system · Qnap

CVE-2023-41278

HIGH · 7.2 CVSS v3.1 Published 2024-02-02
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
78/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.2.2533 build 20230926 and later QuTS hero h5.1.2.2534 build 20230927 and later QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

This is a buffer overflow vulnerability in QNAP QTS, QuTS hero, and QuTScloud operating systems where a buffer copy operation does not validate input size, allowing authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary code via network.

MitigationUpdate affected QNAP devices to QTS 5.1.2.2533 build 20230926+, QuTS hero h5.1.2.2534 build 20230927+, or QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651+ to remediate this vulnerability.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
QtsOperating system
Affected:= 5.1.0.2348= 5.1.0.2399= 5.1.0.2418= 5.1.0.2444= 5.1.0.2466= 5.1.1.2491= 5.1.2.2533
Quts HeroOperating system
Affected:= h5.1.0.2409= h5.1.0.2424= h5.1.0.2453= h5.1.0.2466= h5.1.1.2488= h5.1.2.2534
QutscloudOperating system
Affected:= c5.1.0.2498

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify QNAP product type
    Access the QNAP admin web interface (typically https://<device-ip>:443 or :8080) and navigate to Control Panel > System > System Info, or run `uname -a` via SSH to determine if the device runs QTS, QuTS hero, or QuTScloud.
    Affected if Product is QTS, QuTS hero, or QuTScloud.
  2. Check QTS version
    In the admin interface, go to Control Panel > System > System Info > Firmware Version. Alternatively, run `cat /etc/os.release` or `cat /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/build Ver` via SSH to retrieve the exact firmware version and build number.
    Affected if Version is 5.1.0.2348, 5.1.0.2399, 5.1.0.2418, 5.1.0.2444, 5.1.0.2466, 5.1.1.2491, or 5.1.2.2533.
  3. Check QuTS hero version
    In the admin interface, go to Control Panel > System > System Info > Firmware Version. Run `cat /etc/os-release` or check the Hybrid Desk (HD) version via SSH.
    Affected if Version is h5.1.0.2409, h5.1.0.2424, h5.1.0.2453, h5.1.0.2466, h5.1.1.2488, or h5.1.2.2534.
  4. Check QuTScloud version
    In the cloud admin console or via SSH, run `cat /etc/os-release` or check the QuTScloud version indicator.
    Affected if Version is c5.1.0.2498.
  5. Confirm admin access exposure
    Verify the QNAP admin interface is network-accessible. This vulnerability requires an authenticated administrator to exploit, so check if remote admin access (HTTP/HTTPS admin ports) is enabled and exposed.
    Affected if The device admin interface is accessible on the network and you can authenticate as an administrator.

You are affected if your device runs QTS, QuTS hero, or QuTScloud and the installed version matches one of the specific build numbers listed in the affected versions.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Update affected QNAP devices to QTS 5.1.2.2533 build 20230926+, QuTS hero h5.1.2.2534 build 20230927+, or QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651+ to remediate this vulnerability.

Recommended fix High confidence

QTS 5.1.2.2533 (build 20230926) or later; QuTS hero h5.1.2.2534 (build 20230927) or later; QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 or later

  1. Backup all critical data on the QNAP device before proceeding with firmware updates
  2. Log in to the QNAP admin interface as an administrator
  3. Navigate to Control Panel > System > Firmware Update
  4. Check the current firmware version to confirm it matches one of the affected versions (QTS 5.1.0.2348, 5.1.0.2399, 5.1.0.2418, or 5.1.0.2444; QuTS hero h5.1.0.2409, h5.1.0.2424, h5.1.0.2453, or h5.1.0.2466; QuTScloud c5.1.0.2498)
  5. For QTS systems: Update to QTS 5.1.2.2533 build 20230926 or later
  6. For QuTS hero systems: Update to QuTS hero h5.1.2.2534 build 20230927 or later
  7. For QuTScloud systems: Update to QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 or later
  8. After update completes, verify the new firmware version matches the fixed releases
Caveat Standard QNAP firmware upgrade risks apply: potential for temporary service interruption, ensure stable power during update, rollback may be difficult if issues occur

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Qts Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation3.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
8.0 hours of engineering $1,420
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2023-41278 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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