dbcve.org
QtsOperating system · Qnap

CVE-2023-45039

HIGH · 7.2 CVSS v3.1 Published 2024-01-05
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
78/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute code via a network. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in multiple QNAP QTS and QuTS hero firmware versions where a buffer copy operation does not validate input size before copying data. This allows authenticated administrators to achieve remote code execution via network. The vulnerability stems from improper bounds checking in the affected code path.

MitigationUpdate QNAP devices to QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 or later, or QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 or later. If immediate patching is not feasible, restrict administrative interface access to trusted IP addresses only and monitor for suspicious administrative activity.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
QtsOperating system
Affected:= 5.1.0.2348= 5.1.0.2399= 5.1.0.2418= 5.1.0.2444= 5.1.0.2466= 5.1.1.2491= 5.1.2.2533= 5.1.3.2578
Quts HeroOperating system
Affected:= h5.1.0.2409= h5.1.0.2424= h5.1.0.2453= h5.1.0.2466= h5.1.1.2488= h5.1.2.2534= h5.1.3.2578

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify QNAP device OS type
    Access the QNAP admin console and navigate to Control Panel > System > Firmware or check the dashboard for the OS name (QTS or QuTS hero)
    Affected if Device runs QTS or QuTS hero firmware
  2. Check QTS firmware version
    Navigate to Control Panel > System > Firmware > About, or use the command `getconf -s` to retrieve the build number
    Affected if QTS version matches 5.1.0.2348, 5.1.0.2399, 5.1.0.2418, 5.1.0.2444, 5.1.0.2466, 5.1.1.2491, 5.1.2.2533, or 5.1.3.2578
  3. Check QuTS hero firmware version
    Navigate to Control Panel > System > Firmware > About, or use the command `getconf -s` to retrieve the build number
    Affected if QuTS hero version matches h5.1.0.2409, h5.1.0.2424, h5.1.0.2453, h5.1.0.2466, h5.1.1.2488, h5.1.2.2534, or h5.1.3.2578
  4. Verify administrative access scope
    Check if the QNAP admin web interface (port 808 or 443) is accessible from untrusted networks by reviewing firewall rules or port forwarding configurations
    Affected if Admin interface is exposed to network segments without trusted IP restrictions and an attacker could obtain valid administrator credentials

Device is affected if it runs QTS or QuTS hero with any of the specific build numbers listed and the admin interface is network-accessible to potential attackers

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Update QNAP devices to QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 or later, or QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 or later. If immediate patching is not feasible, restrict administrative interface access to trusted IP addresses only and monitor for suspicious administrative activity.

Recommended fix High confidence

QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 (or QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 for QuTS hero systems)

  1. 1. Log in to the QNAP QTS or QuTS hero admin console as an administrator
  2. 2. Navigate to Control Panel > System > Firmware Update
  3. 3. Select "Check for Update" or manually download QTS 5.1.4.2596 (build 20231128) or later from the QNAP download center
  4. 4. Follow the on-screen prompts to install the firmware update
  5. 5. After the update completes, verify the system is running version 5.1.4.2596 or later by checking Control Panel > System > Firmware Update > Version Information
Caveat Review QNAP release notes for any application compatibility notes before upgrading; ensure backup of critical data is performed as standard practice before firmware updates

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Qts Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation6.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
16.0 hours of engineering $2,840
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2023-45039 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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