Code InjectionWeakness · CWE-94

CVE-2023-48643

CRITICAL · 9.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2024-05-16
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Shrubbery tac_plus 2.x, 3.x. and 4.x through F4.0.4.28 allows unauthenticated Remote Command Execution. The product allows users to configure authorization checks as shell commands through the tac_plus.cfg configuration file. These are executed when a client sends an authorization request with a username that has pre-authorization directives configured. However, it is possible to inject additional commands into these checks because strings from TACACS+ packets are used as command-line arguments. If the installation lacks a a pre-shared secret (there is no pre-shared secret by default), then the injection can be triggered without authentication. (The attacker needs to know a username configured to use a pre-authorization command.) NOTE: this is related to CVE-2023-45239 but the issue is in the original Shrubbery product, not Meta's fork.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The Shrubbery tac_plus TACACS+ server allows configuration of authorization checks as shell commands in tac_plus.cfg. These commands execute when a client sends an authorization request with a username that has pre-authorization directives. The vulnerability stems from using strings from TACACS+ packets directly as command-line arguments without sanitization, enabling command injection. When no pre-shared secret is configured (the default), the injection is exploitable without any authentication, requiring only knowledge of a username configured with pre-authorization commands.

MitigationImmediately configure a strong pre-shared secret in tac_plus to require authentication for all requests. Review and sanitize or remove shell command executions in authorization directives, and monitor for unauthorized access attempts.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Locate the tac_plus configuration file
    Search for tac_plus.cfg in typical locations such as /etc/tac_plus.cfg, /usr/local/etc/tac_plus.cfg, or the current working directory
    Affected if The file exists and contains authorization directives with shell command executions (e.g., cmd = execute or similar patterns)
  2. Identify authorization commands in the config
    Open the tac_plus.cfg file and search for lines containing shell command execution patterns, such as 'cmd = "/bin/sh"', 'cmd = "/usr/bin/"', or any 'execute' directive that runs an external command
    Affected if The configuration contains any shell command execution tied to authorization directives (this is the vulnerable feature)
  3. Check if pre-shared secret is configured
    In tac_plus.cfg, look for a 'key' or 'secret' directive under the server configuration, or check if the configuration lacks any key statement entirely
    Affected if No pre-shared secret is configured (key directive is missing or commented out), which allows unauthenticated exploitation
  4. Identify usernames with pre-authorization directives
    Search the config for user blocks that contain 'preauthorization' or 'cmd' directives that trigger the shell command execution
    Affected if Any user account is configured with pre-authorization commands that execute shell commands
  5. Verify tac_plus is running
    Check running processes with 'ps aux | grep tac_plus' or check for the service listening on port 49 (TACACS+ default port)
    Affected if The vulnerable tac_plus service is active and processing requests

You are affected if tac_plus is running with a configuration that uses shell commands in authorization directives and either lacks a pre-shared secret or exposes users with pre-authorization commands accessible to attackers.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Immediately configure a strong pre-shared secret in tac_plus to require authentication for all requests. Review and sanitize or remove shell command executions in authorization directives, and monitor for unauthorized access attempts.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
12.0 hours of engineering $2,130
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2023-48643 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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