CollaborationApplication · Zimbra

CVE-2024-45515

MEDIUM · 6.1 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-07-30
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to after 10.1.0 or later.
See remediation →
68/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
An issue was discovered in Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) through 10.1. A Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Zimbra webmail due to insufficient validation of the content type metadata when importing files into the briefcase. Attackers can exploit this issue by crafting a file with manipulated metadata, allowing them to bypass content type checks and execute arbitrary JavaScript within the victim's session.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

A stored Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability exists in Zimbra Collaboration Suite (up to version 10.1) where the briefcase file import function fails to properly validate content-type metadata. Attackers can upload files with manipulated content-type headers to bypass security checks, causing arbitrary JavaScript to execute in the context of other users' sessions when the malicious files are accessed.

MitigationImplement strict content-type validation on the server side by verifying MIME types against file signatures (magic bytes) and rejecting any discrepancies. Additionally, apply output encoding when rendering file metadata in the web interface to prevent XSS execution.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
CollaborationApplication
Affected:<= 10.1.0

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check Zimbra Collaboration version
    Run 'zmcontrol -v' or check '/opt/zimbra/.version' to determine the installed Zimbra version. Compare against the affected range: <= 10.1.0
    Affected if The installed version is 10.1.0 or any version below 10.1.0
  2. Verify Briefcase module is enabled
    Log into Zimbra admin console and navigate to the Zimbra Collaboration features configuration, or run 'zmprov gs $(hostname) zimbraFeatureBriefcaseEnabled' to check if Briefcase is enabled for the server
    Affected if Briefcase feature is enabled (this is the vulnerable component)
  3. Confirm user upload permissions exist
    Check if any user accounts or COS (Class of Service) have the ability to upload files to Briefcase by examining 'zmprov gc <cosname> zimbraBriefcaseUploadEnabled' or reviewing user role assignments in admin console
    Affected if Users have upload permissions to Briefcase (this provides the attack vector)
  4. Inspect recent briefcase uploads for anomalies
    Use Zimbra's search functionality or query the database for recently uploaded files in Briefcase. Examine file metadata: compare content-type header against actual file signature (magic bytes) using 'file --mime-type <filename>'
    Affected if Files exist with mismatched content-type headers (e.g., a .js file disguised as an image)

A user is affected if they run Zimbra Collaboration version 10.1.0 or below, have Briefcase enabled, and allow file uploads - especially if files with suspicious content-type mismatches are present in the system.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Upgrade available Upgrade to a release after 10.1.0
Interim mitigation

Implement strict content-type validation on the server side by verifying MIME types against file signatures (magic bytes) and rejecting any discrepancies. Additionally, apply output encoding when rendering file metadata in the web interface to prevent XSS execution.

Fix this in Collaboration Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation6.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA3.0 h
16.0 hours of engineering $2,820
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An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $4,512.

Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2024-45515 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data