CWE-95Weakness · CWE-95

CVE-2025-12140

CRITICAL · 9.3 CVSS v4.0 Published 2025-11-27
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The application contains an insecure 'redirectToUrl' mechanism that incorrectly processes the value of the 'redirectUrlParameter' parameter. The application interprets the entered string of characters as a Java expression, allowing an unauthenticated attacer to perform arbitrary code execution. This issue was fixed in version wu#2016.1.5513#0#20251014_113353

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The application has an insecure 'redirectToUrl' mechanism that evaluates the 'redirectUrlParameter' parameter as a Java expression (similar to an eval() vulnerability). An unauthenticated attacker can send a crafted string that gets interpreted as Java code, enabling arbitrary code execution on the server.

MitigationImmediately upgrade to version wu#2016.1.5513#0#20251014_113353 or later. Until patching is possible, network-level restrictions on the affected endpoint should be implemented.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
Authentication
X
User interaction
None
Scope
X

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify the application and version
    Review your application deployment artifacts (WAR file manifest, JAR metadata, or service banner) to determine the product name and installed version. Compare against the fixed version wu#2016.1.5513#0#20251014_113353
    Affected if The installed version is unknown, unconfirmed, or earlier than the fixed release
  2. Locate the redirectToUrl mechanism
    Search application source code or decompiled classes for methods named 'redirectToUrl' that process the 'redirectUrlParameter' parameter. Inspect the method implementation to see if it evaluates the parameter as a Java expression
    Affected if The redirectToUrl method exists and directly evaluates redirectUrlParameter without safelisting or input validation
  3. Confirm parameter accessibility
    Review your web application's exposed endpoints, servlets, or controllers to verify the redirectUrlParameter is reachable via HTTP request without authentication
    Affected if The redirectUrlParameter can be passed in an HTTP GET or POST request to an unauthenticated endpoint
  4. Test for expression evaluation
    Send a test request with redirectUrlParameter containing a benign expression such as ${7*7} or ${T(java.lang.System).exit(0)} (in a non-production test environment only) and observe if the expression is evaluated rather than treated as a literal string
    Affected if The application returns the evaluated result (49) or executes the expression instead of redirecting to the literal string

If the redirectToUrl mechanism evaluates the redirectUrlParameter as a Java expression (confirmed via test payload), the environment is affected by CVE-2025-12140

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Immediately upgrade to version wu#2016.1.5513#0#20251014_113353 or later. Until patching is possible, network-level restrictions on the affected endpoint should be implemented.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation8.0 h
  • Implementation16.0 h
  • Testing8.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
36.0 hours of engineering $6,400
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Scan for this in your stack

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dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-12140 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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