Incorrect AuthorizationWeakness · CWE-863

CVE-2025-12621

MEDIUM · 5.3 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-11-08
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
62/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The Flexible Refund and Return Order for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a misconfigured capability check on the 'create_refund' function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.42. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to update the status of refund requests, including approving and refusing refunds.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The Flexible Refund and Return Order for WooCommerce plugin has a broken access control vulnerability where the 'create_refund' function lacks proper capability validation. This allows authenticated users with Contributor-level permissions (the lowest authenticated role) to modify refund request statuses, approving or refusing refunds they should not have access to.

MitigationUpdate to version 1.0.43 when available. Until then, restrict user roles to Author or above and monitor refund activity for unauthorized changes.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm plugin installation
    Navigate to WordPress admin > Plugins and verify 'Flexible Refund and Return Order for WooCommerce' is installed and active
    Affected if plugin is installed and active
  2. Identify installed version
    In Plugins list, locate the version number displayed under the plugin name, or check the plugin header file for version definition
    Affected if version is unknown, unpatched, or below 1.0.43 (if that threshold is confirmed)
  3. Verify WooCommerce is active
    Confirm WooCommerce plugin is installed and active, as this vulnerability affects the refund functionality within WooCommerce orders
    Affected if WooCommerce is active and the refund plugin is enabled
  4. Review user roles with contributor access
    Go to Users > All Users in WordPress admin and identify any users assigned the Contributor role
    Affected if any Contributor-level accounts exist in the system
  5. Check refund capability exposure
    Inspect network requests or plugin capabilities to confirm if 'create_refund' or related refund actions are accessible to users with Contributor permissions
    Affected if Contributor users can access or trigger refund status modification functions

The environment is affected if the plugin is active, the version is unpatched, and any Contributor-level users exist who could exploit the broken access control in the refund status modification function.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Update to version 1.0.43 when available. Until then, restrict user roles to Author or above and monitor refund activity for unauthorized changes.

Recommended fix Moderate confidence

1.0.43 or latest available version

  1. Navigate to the WordPress admin dashboard
  2. Go to Plugins > Installed Plugins
  3. Locate the 'Flexible Refund and Return Order for WooCommerce' plugin
  4. Check if an update is available and install the latest version
  5. Verify the update was successful by confirming the new version number

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation3.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
10.0 hours of engineering $1,750
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-12621 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-12621 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data