Cross-site Scripting (XSS)Weakness · CWE-79

CVE-2025-12799

MEDIUM · 6.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-07-07
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
74/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click 6 weeks old

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A flaw was found in Jastow. Jastow is vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack. If using a set of combined configuration to allow unescaped characters in URL with embedded Undertow and Jastow, a server might be vulnerable to improper input handling.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

Jastow, a template engine for Undertow/JBoss, contains a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability stemming from improper input handling when a specific configuration combination allows unescaped characters in URLs. The vulnerability requires both Undertow and Jastow to be configured in a way that permits unescaped input, enabling attackers to inject malicious scripts via URL parameters.

MitigationFix the input handling in Jastow to properly escape or validate user-supplied input in URLs, and review Undertow configuration to ensure proper character escaping is enabled.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify Jastow deployment
    Search for jastow JAR files in the application library directory (e.g., WEB-INF/lib, classpath) or check build dependencies for jastow inclusion
    Affected if Jastow is present in the application runtime
  2. Confirm Undertow as the web server
    Check if Undertow is used as the embedded web server (look for undertow-core JAR, or in standalone.xml/configuration for JBoss/WildFly)
    Affected if Undertow serves as the HTTP server handling requests to Jastow
  3. Inspect URL character escaping configuration
    Review Undertow configuration files (undertow.xml, standalone.xml, or programmatic configuration) for settings controlling URL character handling - look for 'allowEncodedSlash', 'decodeDirect', or similar URL encoding settings
    Affected if Undertow is configured to allow unescaped characters in URLs without proper validation
  4. Verify Jastow template rendering for URL parameters
    Examine Jastow templates (.jastow files) that process request URL parameters - check if parameters are rendered directly into HTML output without escaping (search for ${param.X} or similar constructs)
    Affected if Templates render URL parameters directly without HTML encoding
  5. Test for XSS via URL parameter injection
    Deploy a simple test with a benign script payload in a URL parameter (e.g., ?test=<script>alert(1)</script>) and verify if the payload is executed in the response when rendered by Jastow
    Affected if URL parameter values appear unescaped in the HTTP response

The environment is affected if Jastow renders URL parameters in templates while Undertow allows unescaped characters in URLs, enabling XSS injection via crafted URLs.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Fix the input handling in Jastow to properly escape or validate user-supplied input in URLs, and review Undertow configuration to ensure proper character escaping is enabled.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation6.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
14.0 hours of engineering $2,490
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-12799 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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