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Rax30 FirmwareOperating system · Netgear

CVE-2025-12943

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-11-11
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 1.0.9.82 / 1.0.14.108 or later.
See remediation →
80/100
Remediation priority · High
No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Improper certificate validation in firmware update logic in NETGEAR RAX30 (Nighthawk AX5 5-Stream AX2400 WiFi 6 Router) and RAXE300 (Nighthawk AXE7800 Tri-Band WiFi 6E Router) allows attackers with the ability to intercept and tamper traffic destined to the device to execute arbitrary commands on the device. Devices with automatic updates enabled may already have this patch applied. If not, please check the firmware version and update to the latest. Fixed in: RAX30 firmware 1.0.14.108 or later. RAXE300 firmware 1.0.9.82 or later

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The vulnerability exists in the firmware update mechanism of NETGEAR RAX30 and RAXE300 routers, where certificate validation is not properly implemented. This allows a man-in-the-middle attacker who can intercept traffic destined to the device to tamper with firmware updates and execute arbitrary commands with elevated privileges.

MitigationUpdate router firmware to RAX30 version 1.0.14.108 or later, and RAXE300 version 1.0.9.82 or later. If automatic updates are enabled, verify the patch has been applied; otherwise, manually download and install the latest firmware from NETGEAR's official support page.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Rax30 FirmwareOperating system
Affected:< 1.0.14.108
Raxe300 FirmwareOperating system
Affected:< 1.0.9.82

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Adjacent
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify router model
    Locate the model number on the device label or log into the router admin interface (typically at 192.168.1.1) and check the status or device info page to confirm whether the device is a RAX30 or RAXE300
    Affected if Router is a NETGEAR RAX30 or RAXE300
  2. Check installed firmware version
    In the router admin interface, navigate to the Advanced tab or Status page and locate the firmware version field. The version is typically displayed as a number such as 1.0.x.x
    Affected if Unable to retrieve firmware version from admin interface
  3. Compare version against affected ranges
    If the router is a RAX30, verify the firmware version is 1.0.14.108 or higher. If the router is a RAXE300, verify the firmware version is 1.0.9.82 or higher. Check the exact version number shown in the admin interface against these thresholds
    Affected if RAX30 firmware is below 1.0.14.108 OR RAXE300 firmware is below 1.0.9.82
  4. Verify automatic update status (optional context)
    In the router admin interface under Advanced > Administration > Firmware Update or similar, check whether automatic firmware updates are enabled. This does not detect the vulnerability but helps assess update exposure
    Affected if Not applicable for vulnerability detection - this provides context only

If the device is a RAX30 running firmware below 1.0.14.108 or a RAXE300 running firmware below 1.0.9.82, the environment is affected by this vulnerability.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 1.0.9.82 / 1.0.14.108 or later
Fixed in 1.0.9.821.0.14.108
Interim mitigation

Update router firmware to RAX30 version 1.0.14.108 or later, and RAXE300 version 1.0.9.82 or later. If automatic updates are enabled, verify the patch has been applied; otherwise, manually download and install the latest firmware from NETGEAR's official support page.

Recommended fix High confidence

RAX30: firmware 1.0.14.108 or later | RAXE300: firmware 1.0.9.82 or later

  1. Access the router's web administration interface by entering the router's IP address in a web browser
  2. Log in with administrator credentials
  3. Navigate to the Administration or Advanced settings section
  4. Locate the Firmware Update or Router Update option
  5. Check the current firmware version displayed (ensure it is below 1.0.14.108 for RAX30 or below 1.0.9.82 for RAXE300)
  6. If the version is vulnerable, download the latest firmware from the official NETGEAR support website (kb.netgear.com or www.netgear.com) for your specific model
  7. In the router's firmware update page, select the option to upload the downloaded firmware file
  8. Wait for the firmware upload and installation to complete - do not power off the router during this process

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Rax30 Firmware Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation1.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
6.0 hours of engineering $1,060
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-12943 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data