Education And Training SystemApplication · Hzmanyun

CVE-2025-1676

CRITICAL · 9.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-02-25
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in hzmanyun Education and Training System 3.1.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function pdf2swf of the file /pdf2swf. The manipulation of the argument file leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

OS command injection vulnerability in hzmanyun Education and Training System 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands through the 'file' parameter in the /pdf2swf endpoint. The pdf2swf function fails to sanitize user input before passing it to a system call, enabling attackers to inject shell commands.

MitigationImmediately restrict network access to the /pdf2swf endpoint, implement strict input validation to prevent command injection, and apply vendor patches when available. Consider disabling pdf2swf functionality if not essential.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Education And Training SystemApplication
Affected:= 3.1.1

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm Hzmanyun Education and Training System is installed
    Identify the application through installed files, running services, or web server directories that contain 'hzmanyun' or similar branding
    Affected if The system hosts the Hzmanyun Education And Training System application
  2. Verify the installed version is 3.1.1
    Locate version information in application configuration files, about pages, or the software metadata where the version is listed
    Affected if The installed version is exactly 3.1.1 (no other versions are listed as affected)
  3. Determine if the pdf2swf functionality is enabled
    Check application configuration files, modules, or feature flags that control whether pdf2swf processing is active
    Affected if The pdf2swf feature is enabled in the application configuration
  4. Check if the /pdf2swf endpoint is network accessible
    Probe the application's web interface for the /pdf2swf endpoint using HTTP requests to determine if it responds
    Affected if The /pdf2swf endpoint is reachable over the network (internal or external)

A system is affected if it runs Hzmanyun Education And Training System version 3.1.1 with the pdf2swf feature enabled and the /pdf2swf endpoint accessible.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Immediately restrict network access to the /pdf2swf endpoint, implement strict input validation to prevent command injection, and apply vendor patches when available. Consider disabling pdf2swf functionality if not essential.

Fix this in Education And Training System Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation6.0 h
  • Implementation12.0 h
  • Testing8.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
30.0 hours of engineering $5,280
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-1676 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data