CVE-2025-2019
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedAshlar-Vellum Cobalt VC6 File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of VC6 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a heap-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25252.
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysis · high confidenceHeap-based buffer overflow in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt's VC6 file parser. The vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied data length before copying into a heap-allocated buffer, allowing an attacker to overwrite adjacent memory and potentially execute arbitrary code.
Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.
Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.
NVD · CPE data= 12.0.1204.91CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Local
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- None
- User interaction
- Required
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.
dbcve checksWork through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.
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Verify Ashlar Cobalt installationCheck program files directories (C:\Program Files\Ashlar or C:\Program Files\Cobalt) for Ashlar Cobalt application files, or use system inventory tools to find installed software named 'Ashlar Cobalt' or 'Cobalt'Affected if Ashlar Cobalt software is present on the system
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Determine installed version numberLocate the Cobalt executable (typically cobalt.exe or similar) and check its version properties via right-click > Properties > Details, or query via command line: wmic product where "name like '%Cobalt%'" get version,nameAffected if Installed version matches exactly 12.0.1204.91
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Confirm VC6 file parser component existsSearch for VC6-related DLLs or parsing modules within the Ashlar Cobalt installation directory (e.g., look for files containing 'vc6' in the filename, or check for file import/parser libraries)Affected if VC6 file parser module is present in the installation
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Check for VC6 file processing capabilityAttempt to identify if the software can process or import VC6 format files by checking file association settings, import filter lists, or help documentation within the applicationAffected if VC6 file import/parsing functionality is available or enabled in the software
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Review crash or error logs for VC6 parsingExamine Ashlar Cobalt log directories (typically in AppData or program data folders) for recent error logs, crash dumps, or parsing failures related to VC6 file operationsAffected if Recent crash or parsing error logs involving VC6 files exist
A system is affected if Ashlar Cobalt version 12.0.1204.91 is installed with the VC6 file parser component present and functional.
Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
From vendor dataImplement strict bounds checking and validate data length against allocated buffer size before memory copy operations in VC6 file parsing code. Consider using safe memory copy functions and adding length validation at file parsing entry points.
- Consultation3.0 h
- Implementation6.0 h
- Testing3.0 h
- Review / QA2.0 h
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Scan for this in your stack
Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-2019 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-2019 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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- Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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