OS Command InjectionWeakness · CWE-78

CVE-2025-22495

HIGH · 8.4 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-02-24
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
88/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
An improper input validation vulnerability was discovered in the NTP server configuration field of the Network-M2 card. This could result in an authenticated high privileged user having the ability to execute arbitrary commands. The vulnerability has been resolved in the version 3.0.4. Note - Network-M2 has been declared end-of-life in early 2024 and Network-M3 has been released as a fit-and-functional replacement.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Improper input validation in the NTP server configuration field of the Network-M2 card allows an authenticated high-privileged user to inject and execute arbitrary commands due to insufficient sanitization of user-supplied input in the NTP server parameter.

MitigationUpgrade Network-M2 firmware to version 3.0.4; since Network-M2 is end-of-life, consider migrating to the Network-M3 replacement. If upgrade is not possible, limit high-privileged access and implement network segmentation to reduce attack surface.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
High
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm the device is a Network-M2 card
    Identify the hardware model through the device management interface, command line, or product labeling. This vulnerability applies specifically to Network-M2, not other Network models.
    Affected if The device is a Network-M2 card
  2. Check the firmware version
    Access the device management interface or use the appropriate command to retrieve the installed firmware version. Compare it to the fixed version 3.0.4.
    Affected if The installed firmware version is lower than 3.0.4 or cannot be determined
  3. Verify NTP server configuration access
    Locate the NTP server configuration field within the Network-M2 management interface. Determine if this field is accessible to authenticated users.
    Affected if The NTP configuration interface is accessible and accepts user input
  4. Check for high-privileged user accounts
    Review the user account list and privilege levels configured on the Network-M2 device. Identify accounts with high-privileged access.
    Affected if High-privileged authenticated user accounts exist on the device

The environment is affected if the device is a Network-M2 card running firmware version lower than 3.0.4 with the NTP configuration feature accessible to authenticated high-privileged users.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Upgrade Network-M2 firmware to version 3.0.4; since Network-M2 is end-of-life, consider migrating to the Network-M3 replacement. If upgrade is not possible, limit high-privileged access and implement network segmentation to reduce attack surface.

Recommended fix High confidence

Network-M2 firmware version 3.0.4

  1. Contact Eaton support to obtain the version 3.0.4 firmware for the Network-M2 card
  2. Follow the vendor-provided firmware upgrade procedure to apply version 3.0.4 to the Network-M2 card
  3. Verify the NTP server configuration functionality after upgrade
  4. Consider migrating to Network-M3 as Network-M2 is end-of-life (declared early 2024)
Caveat Network-M2 is end-of-life; consider Network-M3 as replacement

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
18.0 hours of engineering $3,200
Get help mitigating

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $5,120.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-22495 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-22495 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data