dbcve.org
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)Weakness · CWE-352

CVE-2025-22538

HIGH · 7.1 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-01-07
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
78/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Ofek Nakar Virtual Bot virtual-bot allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Virtual Bot: from n/a through <= 1.0.0.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Ofek Nakar's Virtual Bot (version <= 1.0.0) allows attackers to trick authenticated users into performing unintended actions that result in Stored XSS. This occurs because the application lacks proper CSRF protection, enabling malicious scripts to be persisted in the application and executed when other users access the compromised content.

MitigationImplement CSRF tokens (synchronizer token pattern) on all state-changing operations and apply strict input validation with context-aware output encoding to prevent XSS. Additionally, configure SameSite cookies to further mitigate CSRF vectors.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify Virtual Bot installation
    Locate and confirm the presence of Ofek Nakar's Virtual Bot application in your environment. Check application directories, package lists, or software inventories for this specific product name.
    Affected if Virtual Bot is installed and the version cannot be determined or is confirmed to be 1.0.0 or lower.
  2. Determine installed version
    Check the application's version number through its package.json, README, about page, or version endpoint. Compare the found version against the affected range of version 1.0.0 and below.
    Affected if The installed version is 1.0.0 or any version lower than 1.0.0.
  3. Inspect state-changing forms for CSRF tokens
    Examine forms or API endpoints that perform actions like saving settings, submitting content, or modifying user data. Inspect the HTML source or API requests to verify whether a CSRF token, anti-CSRF token, or synchronizer token is included and validated with each request.
    Affected if State-changing operations lack CSRF token validation or do not verify token presence.
  4. Check SameSite cookie configuration
    Review the application's cookie settings, particularly session cookies. Inspect HTTP response headers or cookie configuration code to determine if SameSite attribute is set to Strict or Lax, or if it is missing entirely.
    Affected if SameSite attribute is not set on session cookies or is set to None without secure flag.
  5. Verify input sanitization for stored content
    Test the application's ability to store and render user-supplied content. Submit a script payload (such as <script>alert(1)</script>) through available input fields and then access the stored content as a different user to observe if the script executes.
    Affected if User-supplied input is stored and rendered without proper context-aware encoding, allowing stored XSS execution.

Your environment is affected if Virtual Bot version 1.0.0 or lower is installed and the application lacks CSRF protection on state-changing operations, enabling stored XSS payloads to be persisted and executed for other users.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Implement CSRF tokens (synchronizer token pattern) on all state-changing operations and apply strict input validation with context-aware output encoding to prevent XSS. Additionally, configure SameSite cookies to further mitigate CSRF vectors.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation12.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA3.0 h
24.0 hours of engineering $4,200
Get help mitigating

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $6,720.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-22538 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

Get it on GitHub Scan in the browser

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-22538 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data