Memory LeakWeakness · CWE-401

CVE-2025-23085

MEDIUM · 5.3 CVSS v3.0 Published 2025-02-07
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
62/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A memory leak could occur when a remote peer abruptly closes the socket without sending a GOAWAY notification. Additionally, if an invalid header was detected by nghttp2, causing the connection to be terminated by the peer, the same leak was triggered. This flaw could lead to increased memory consumption and potential denial of service under certain conditions. This vulnerability affects HTTP/2 Server users on Node.js v18.x, v20.x, v22.x and v23.x.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This is a memory leak vulnerability in Node.js HTTP/2 server implementation. When a remote peer abruptly closes the socket without sending a GOAWAY frame, or when an invalid header is detected causing connection termination, memory allocated for the connection is not properly freed. This leads to gradually increasing memory consumption, potentially resulting in denial of service through resource exhaustion.

MitigationUpgrade Node.js to a patched version that addresses this memory leak. For systems that cannot upgrade immediately, consider implementing connection monitoring and periodic service restarts as a temporary mitigation measure.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify installed Node.js version
    Run 'node --version' in the system terminal to get the exact version number
    Affected if The installed version is within the vulnerable range and has not been patched for CVE-2025-23085
  2. Confirm HTTP/2 server module is in use
    Search project codebase for 'require("http2")' or 'import http2' statements, and check for http2.createServer() calls
    Affected if The application uses Node.js http2 module to create HTTP/2 servers
  3. Verify HTTP/2 server accepts external connections
    Review server configuration to confirm the bind address is not restricted to localhost (i.e., listening on 0.0.0.0 or external IP rather than 127.0.0.1)
    Affected if The HTTP/2 server is reachable from remote peers over the network
  4. Check for abrupt connection closure patterns
    Enable Node.js debug logging or network packet capture to monitor for client connections that terminate without sending a GOAWAY frame
    Affected if Remote clients can connect and terminate abruptly without proper HTTP/2 graceful shutdown
  5. Monitor memory consumption of Node.js HTTP/2 process
    Use process monitoring tools (like 'process.memoryUsage()' in diagnostics or external tools like pm2, New Relic) to observe heap usage over time
    Affected if Memory grows continuously without garbage collection reclaiming it, indicating the leak is occurring

A user is affected if their Node.js version is vulnerable, they run an HTTP/2 server accessible to remote clients, and they observe unexplained memory growth during normal operation.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Upgrade Node.js to a patched version that addresses this memory leak. For systems that cannot upgrade immediately, consider implementing connection monitoring and periodic service restarts as a temporary mitigation measure.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
9.0 hours of engineering $1,600
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-23085 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-23085 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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