CVE-2025-23456
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Oddthinking EmailShroud emailshroud allows Reflected XSS.This issue affects EmailShroud: from n/a through <= 2.2.1.
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysis · moderate confidenceCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in EmailShroud versions through 2.2.1 allows attackers to craft malicious requests that result in reflected XSS attacks against users. The lack of proper CSRF token validation or origin verification enables attackers to trick authenticated users into executing unintended actions that inject malicious scripts into the application.
Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.
CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- None
- User interaction
- Required
- Scope
- Changed
- Confidentiality
- Low
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- Low
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.
dbcve checksWork through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.
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Identify EmailShroud versionLocate the application installation directory and check for version information in version files, package manifests, or the application itself (often in a config file, README, or about page)Affected if The installed version is 2.2.1 or any earlier version of EmailShroud
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Inspect forms for CSRF token presenceExamine the HTML source of forms that perform state-changing operations (such as settings changes, email configuration, or user profile updates) and look for hidden input fields containing token values or anti-CSRF parametersAffected if State-changing forms lack CSRF token fields entirely or contain tokens that are not validated server-side
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Verify Origin or Referer header validationReview the application source code or configuration to determine if the server validates the Origin or Referer HTTP headers on POST requests to ensure requests originate from the legitimate domainAffected if The application does not validate Origin or Referer headers on state-changing requests
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Check for XSS vulnerability in reflected parametersSubmit requests with malicious script payloads in parameters that get reflected in responses (such as in error messages or search fields) and verify if the application performs output encodingAffected if User-supplied input is reflected in responses without proper encoding, allowing script injection
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Test for CSRF bypass in state-changing operationsCreate a proof-of-concept HTML page that submits a forged request to the application from an external origin and observe if the action is executed without user interaction or token confirmationAffected if Forged requests from external origins successfully trigger actions without CSRF protection
A user is affected if they run EmailShroud version 2.2.1 or earlier AND the application lacks CSRF token validation on state-changing operations AND does not validate Origin/Referer headers, allowing reflected XSS attacks via CSRF.
Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
From vendor dataImplement CSRF tokens (synchronizer token pattern) on all state-changing operations and validate the Origin/Referer headers to prevent cross-site request forgery. Additionally, apply output encoding and input validation to prevent reflected XSS regardless of the CSRF vector.
- Consultation2.0 h
- Implementation6.0 h
- Testing3.0 h
- Review / QA2.0 h
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Scan for this in your stack
Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-23456 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-23456 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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- Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
- Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
- No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
- No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data