Incorrect Privilege AssignmentWeakness · CWE-266

CVE-2025-23528

HIGH · 8.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-01-16
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
94/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Incorrect Privilege Assignment vulnerability in Mosterd3d DD Roles dd-roles allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects DD Roles: from n/a through <= 4.1.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This is an Incorrect Privilege Assignment vulnerability in the Mosterd3d DD Roles (dd-roles) component that allows a user to escalate their privileges beyond what should be permitted. The vulnerability exists in versions up to and including 4.1, where the role-based access control logic improperly assigns or does not correctly enforce role permissions.

MitigationUpdate DD Roles to a patched version beyond 4.1 that corrects the privilege assignment logic. Review and audit existing role configurations to ensure no unauthorized privilege escalation has occurred.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify dd-roles installation
    Search your codebase, dependencies, or plugin manifest for the 'dd-roles' or 'Mosterd3d DD Roles' component. Check package.json, requirements.txt, or equivalent dependency file if this is a software project.
    Affected if The dd-roles component is present in your environment
  2. Determine installed version
    Check the version number of dd-roles in your dependency lock file, installed packages list, or the component's version property. Compare it to the affected range of versions up to and including 4.1.
    Affected if The installed version is 4.1 or lower, or the version cannot be determined but dd-roles is present
  3. Verify role-based access control is in use
    Inspect your application configuration, settings, or database to confirm that dd-roles RBAC functionality is actively enabled. Look for role definitions, permission assignments, or role mappings in your config files.
    Affected if RBAC features of dd-roles are enabled and being used to control user permissions
  4. Inspect role assignment configuration
    Review the role configuration files or database records where user-to-role mappings are stored. Check for any custom role definitions or permission overrides that may allow privilege escalation beyond intended limits.
    Affected if Users are assigned roles through dd-roles and the assignment logic is in place

Your environment is affected if the dd-roles component is installed with a version of 4.1 or lower and its role-based access control is actively configured or in use.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Update DD Roles to a patched version beyond 4.1 that corrects the privilege assignment logic. Review and audit existing role configurations to ensure no unauthorized privilege escalation has occurred.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
18.0 hours of engineering $3,200
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-23528 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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