PHP File Inclusion (RFI/LFI)Weakness · CWE-98

CVE-2025-23945

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-03-03
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
81/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Webliup Popliup popliup allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects Popliup: from n/a through <= 1.1.1.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A PHP Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability exists in Webliup Popliup version 1.1.1 and below. The application improperly validates user-supplied input used in include/require statements, allowing attackers to include arbitrary local PHP files by manipulating the filename parameter.

MitigationImplement strict input validation using an allowlist approach for file inclusion paths, avoid using user input directly in include/require statements, and consider refactoring to use a defined set of allowed includes.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify Webliup Popliup installation
    Locate the Popliup application files on the server - typically installed in a web-accessible directory. Check for the presence of index.php or main entry files from this application.
    Affected if The application is present and accessible via web requests.
  2. Determine installed version
    Check version file, README, or any version metadata within the Popliup installation directory. Common locations include version.php, README.txt, or the main index.php header comments.
    Affected if The version is 1.1.1 or lower.
  3. Locate file inclusion code
    Search the application source code for include, include_once, require, or require_once statements. Focus on files that handle request parameters, particularly any parameter named 'filename', 'file', 'page', or similar.
    Affected if User-controllable parameters are used directly in include/require statements.
  4. Verify parameter accessibility
    Examine the identified inclusion code to determine if the filename parameter comes from GET or POST requests and is not sanitized before being used in the include/require statement.
    Affected if The filename parameter can be controlled by external users without validation.
  5. Check input validation implementation
    Review any existing validation or filtering logic around the file inclusion functionality. Look for allowlists, path sanitization, or prefix/suffix additions to the filename.
    Affected if No validation exists or validation can be bypassed.

You are affected if Webliup Popliup version 1.1.1 or below is installed and user-supplied filename parameters are used in include/require statements without proper validation.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Implement strict input validation using an allowlist approach for file inclusion paths, avoid using user input directly in include/require statements, and consider refactoring to use a defined set of allowed includes.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
13.0 hours of engineering $2,330
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-23945 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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