NULL Pointer DereferenceWeakness · CWE-476

CVE-2025-24031

MEDIUM · 5.1 CVSS v4.0 Published 2025-02-10
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
56/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
PAM-PKCS#11 is a Linux-PAM login module that allows a X.509 certificate based user login. In versions 0.6.12 and prior, the pam_pkcs11 module segfaults when a user presses ctrl-c/ctrl-d when they are asked for a PIN. When a user enters no PIN at all, `pam_get_pwd` will never initialize the password buffer pointer and as such `cleanse` will try to dereference an uninitialized pointer. On my system this pointer happens to have the value 3 most of the time when running sudo and as such it will segfault. The most likely impact to a system affected by this issue is an availability impact due to a daemon that uses PAM crashing. As of time of publication, a patch for the issue is unavailable.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

In PAM-PKCS#11 versions 0.6.12 and prior, the pam_pkcs11 module crashes when users press ctrl-c/ctrl-d or enter no PIN when prompted. The pam_get_pwd function fails to initialize the password buffer pointer in these scenarios, and the subsequent cleanse function attempt to dereference this uninitialized pointer causes a segfault.

MitigationUntil an official patch is released, monitor affected systems for daemon crashes and consider restricting certificate-based authentication methods or implementing additional monitoring for PAM-related failures.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
Authentication
X
User interaction
None
Scope
X

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify PAM-PKCS#11 installation and version
    Run 'rpm -qa | grep pam_pkcs11' (RHEL/CentOS) or 'dpkg -l | grep pam-pkcs11' (Debian/Ubuntu) to list installed packages, or check for /lib/security/pam_pkcs11.so or /usr/lib/security/pam_pkcs11.so
    Affected if Version is 0.6.12 or prior, or package is installed without version visible (assume affected)
  2. Locate the pam_pkcs11 module file
    Search for pam_pkcs11.so using 'find /lib* /usr/lib* -name pam_pkcs11.so 2>/dev/null' to confirm the module is present on the system
    Affected if The pam_pkcs11.so file exists on the system
  3. Check PAM configuration for pam_pkcs11 usage
    Review PAM configuration files in /etc/pam.d/ (common files: system-auth, password-auth, login, sshd, sudo) using 'grep -r pam_pkcs11 /etc/pam.d/'
    Affected if pam_pkcs11 is referenced in any PAM configuration file (indicates the module is loaded for authentication)
  4. Verify certificate-based authentication is configured
    Check for pam_pkcs11 configuration in /etc/pam_pkcs11/ directory, especially pam_pkcs11.conf, and look for certificate mapper settings
    Affected if Certificate-based authentication using pam_pkcs11 is configured in /etc/pam_pkcs11/

A system is affected if PAM-PKCS#11 version 0.6.12 or prior is installed and the pam_pkcs11 module is loaded in any PAM configuration for authentication purposes.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Until an official patch is released, monitor affected systems for daemon crashes and consider restricting certificate-based authentication methods or implementing additional monitoring for PAM-related failures.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA3.0 h
15.0 hours of engineering $2,560
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-24031 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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