CVE-2025-25005
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedImproper input validation in Microsoft Exchange Server allows an authorized attacker to perform tampering over a network.
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysis · moderate confidenceThis is an improper input validation vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange Server. An authorized attacker with network access can exploit this flaw to perform tampering operations, likely by injecting or manipulating input fields to modify data or configurations within the Exchange environment.
Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.
Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.
NVD · CPE data= 2016= 2019< 15.02.2562.020CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- None
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.
dbcve checksWork through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.
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Identify Exchange Server versionOpen Exchange Management Shell and run: Get-ExchangeServer | Select-Object Name,Admindisplayversion,ServerRole,IsE15,IsE19,IsEdgeServerAffected if The AdminDisplayversion shows a build lower than 15.02.2562.020 (for Subscription Edition) or indicates Exchange 2016/2019 general availability versions (which are all affected)
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Check Exchange build numberRun: (Get-ExchangeServer).AdminDisplayversion.ToString() to get the exact build numberAffected if Build number is below 15.02.2562.020 or the version indicates Exchange 2016/2019 without the specific subscription update applied
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Verify installed security updatesRun: Get-HotFix | Where-Object {$_.Description -like '*Security Update*'} | Select-Object HotFixID,InstalledOn,Description to list installed security updatesAffected if No update with a KB number corresponding to CVE-2025-25005 is listed (check Microsoft's CVE documentation for the specific KB number)
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Check for network-accessible Exchange servicesVerify Exchange services are exposed to network by reviewing: Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.DisplayName -like '*Exchange*'} and checking IIS bindings via Get-WebBindingAffected if Exchange services (such as EWS, OAB, Autodiscover, MAPI) are bound to network adapters and accessible externally (the vulnerability requires network access for exploitation)
A system is affected if it runs Exchange Server 2016, Exchange Server 2019, or Subscription Edition with build below 15.02.2562.020 and has network-accessible Exchange services, without the CVE-2025-25005 security update installed.
Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
dbcve · scoped15.02.2562.020
Apply the Microsoft security update for CVE-2025-25005 when released. Verify Exchange services and mail flow functionality after patching.
Exchange Server 2016 CU23 or Exchange Server 2019 CU12 (or Subscription Edition 15.02.2562.020)
- Identify your current Exchange Server version by running Get-ExchangeServer | Format-List Name,Edition,AdminDisplayVersion in Exchange Management Shell
- For Exchange Server 2016 and 2019, apply the cumulative update that includes the security fix for CVE-2025-25002. As of the Subscription Edition fix (15.02.2562.020), this corresponds to CU23 for Exchange 2016 and CU12 for Exchange 2019
- Download the appropriate Cumulative Update from the Microsoft Update Catalog or Volume Licensing Service Center
- Review the CU release notes for any known issues or prerequisites before installation
- Back up your Exchange Server databases and configuration
- In a test environment first, install the cumulative update and verify Exchange services start correctly
- Schedule a maintenance window for production deployment
- Install the cumulative update on all Exchange servers in your organization, starting with the servers that do not hold the mailbox role (if using a multi-role architecture)
Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.
- Consultation6.0 h
- Implementation4.0 h
- Testing12.0 h
- Review / QA4.0 h
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Scan for this in your stack
Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-25005 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-25005 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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- Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
- Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
- No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
- No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data