CVE-2025-25524
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedBuffer overflow vulnerability in TOTOLink X6000R routers V9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 due to the lack of length verification, which is related to the addition of Wi-Fi filtering rules. Attackers who successfully exploit this vulnerability can cause the remote target device to crash or execute arbitrary commands.
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysis · moderate confidenceBuffer overflow vulnerability in TOTOLink X6000R router firmware V9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 within the Wi-Fi filtering rule addition function. The lack of proper length validation on user-supplied input allows attackers to overflow buffers, potentially causing device crashes or achieving remote code execution.
Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.
Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.
NVD · CPE data= 9.4.0cu.652_b20230116CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Local
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- Low
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- None
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.
dbcve checksWork through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.
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Confirm router model and firmware versionLog into the TOTOLink X6000R administration interface and navigate to System Status or Firmware Upgrade page to view the current firmware version. Alternatively, use telnet or SSH to access the device and run 'cat /proc/version' or check /etc/version if accessible.Affected if Firmware version is exactly 9.4.0cu.652_B20230116
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Locate Wi-Fi filtering settingsIn the router web interface, navigate to Wireless settings or Access Control section to find Wi-Fi filtering, MAC filtering, or Wireless Access Control options.Affected if Wi-Fi filtering or wireless access control feature is present and configurable on the device
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Determine if Wi-Fi filtering rules are configuredExamine the Wi-Fi filtering configuration page to see if any filtering rules have been added. Check if the rule addition function is accessible even if no rules currently exist.Affected if The Wi-Fi filtering rule addition interface is accessible or any filtering rules have been configured on the device
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Verify router management interface exposureCheck if the router admin web interface (HTTP/HTTPS on ports 80/443) is reachable from external networks or the WAN interface. Review port forwarding rules or DMZ settings that may expose management access.Affected if Administrative interface is exposed to untrusted networks or the internet rather than restricted to local network only
You are affected if the router firmware is version 9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 AND the Wi-Fi filtering feature is accessible or has been configured, especially if the management interface is exposed to untrusted networks.
Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
From vendor dataApply vendor-supplied firmware patch when available; until then, disable Wi-Fi filtering features and restrict administrative access to the router management interface to trusted IP addresses only.
- Consultation4.0 h
- Implementation16.0 h
- Testing8.0 h
- Review / QA4.0 h
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Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-25524 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-25524 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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- Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
- Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
- No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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