Actively exploited in the wild. This CVE is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list — treat remediation as urgent. Federal remediation due by 28 Oct 2025.
Zimbra Collaboration SuiteApplication · Synacor

CVE-2025-27915

MEDIUM · 5.4 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-03-12
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 10.0.13 / 10.1.5 or later.
See remediation →
98/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
In the wild Public exploit Remotely reachable

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
An issue was discovered in Zimbra Collaboration (ZCS) 9.0 and 10.0 and 10.1. A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Classic Web Client due to insufficient sanitization of HTML content in ICS files. When a user views an e-mail message containing a malicious ICS entry, its embedded JavaScript executes via an ontoggle event inside a <details> tag. This allows an attacker to run arbitrary JavaScript within the victim's session, potentially leading to unauthorized actions such as setting e-mail filters to redirect messages to an attacker-controlled address. As a result, an attacker can perform unauthorized actions on the victim's account, including e-mail redirection and data exfiltration.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in Zimbra Collaboration's Classic Web Client where ICS (iCalendar) files embedded in email messages are not properly sanitized. Attackers can embed malicious JavaScript via an ontoggle event inside a <details> tag, which executes when the user views the email, allowing session hijack and unauthorized account actions.

MitigationApply vendor-supplied patches for CVE-2025-27915. Until patched, users should avoid opening ICS content from untrusted senders, and administrators may consider disabling ICS attachment preview functionality in the Classic Web Client.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Zimbra Collaboration SuiteApplication
Affected:>= 10.0.0, < 10.0.13>= 10.1.0, < 10.1.5= 9.0.0

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify Zimbra Collaboration Suite version
    Run 'zmcontrol -v' as the zimbra user or check /opt/zimbra/.gitdescribe to determine the installed version
    Affected if Version is 9.0.0, or 10.0.0 through 10.0.12, or 10.1.0 through 10.1.4 (falls within the affected ranges)
  2. Confirm Classic Web Client is enabled
    Check Zimbra admin console under Class of Service or verify client access URL contains '/zimbra/' rather than '/zimbra-new/' to identify if Classic Web Client is in use
    Affected if Classic Web Client is the active interface (the vulnerability is specific to Classic, not Modern, web client)
  3. Verify email ICS attachment handling is active
    Review Zimbra mail store configuration for ICS MIME type handling and ensure mail preview/rendering features for calendar attachments are enabled
    Affected if ICS attachments in emails are being processed and rendered by the web client (required for the XSS to trigger)
  4. Inspect for malicious ICS content in mailboxes
    Search mailbox database or use Zimbra search for ICS attachments containing '<details' tags or 'ontoggle' event handlers in email messages
    Affected if ICS attachments with embedded <details> tags containing ontoggle event handlers are present in any user mailbox

Environment is affected if running a vulnerable Zimbra version (9.0.0, 10.0.x before 10.0.13, or 10.1.x before 10.1.5) with Classic Web Client and ICS attachment processing enabled, allowing stored XSS via malicious ICS content.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 10.0.13 / 10.1.5 or later
Fixed in 10.0.1310.1.5
Interim mitigation

Apply vendor-supplied patches for CVE-2025-27915. Until patched, users should avoid opening ICS content from untrusted senders, and administrators may consider disabling ICS attachment preview functionality in the Classic Web Client.

Recommended fix Moderate confidence

Zimbra 10.0.x → 10.0.13+; Zimbra 10.1.x → 10.1.5+; Zimbra 9.0.0 → latest 9.x patch or migrate to 10.x

  1. 1. Identify the current Zimbra Collaboration Suite version by checking the Admin Console or running 'zmcontrol -v'
  2. 2. For Zimbra 10.0.x installations (versions 10.0.0 through 10.0.12): Upgrade to version 10.0.13 or later
  3. 3. For Zimbra 10.1.x installations (versions 10.1.0 through 10.1.4): Upgrade to version 10.1.5 or later
  4. 4. For Zimbra 9.0.0: Upgrade to the latest 9.0.0 patch or migrate to a supported 9.x or 10.x version per Zimbra's support lifecycle
  5. 5. After upgrade, verify the fix by testing ICS file import with crafted HTML content in the Classic Web Client
  6. 6. Consider disabling the Classic Web Client and using the Modern Web Client as a temporary mitigation if immediate upgrade is not feasible
Caveat Major version upgrades may require migration planning; review Zimbra migration documentation for compatibility notes

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Zimbra Collaboration Suite Exploited in the wild — priority engagement
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation16.0 h
  • Testing8.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
32.0 hours of engineering $5,600
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-27915 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data