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Windows 10 1507Operating system · Microsoft

CVE-2025-29961

MEDIUM · 6.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-05-13
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 10.0.10240.21014 / 10.0.14393.8066 or later.
See remediation →
72/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) that allows an unauthorized remote attacker to read sensitive memory contents beyond intended buffer boundaries, resulting in information disclosure.

MitigationApply the Microsoft security update for CVE-2025-29961 to affected Windows servers running RRAS; if immediate patching is not feasible, consider disabling RRAS or restricting network access to RRAS services until the patch can be applied.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Windows 10 1507Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.10240.21014
Windows 10 1607Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.14393.8066
Windows 10 1809Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.17763.7314
Windows 10 21h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.19044.5854
Windows 10 22h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.19045.5854
Windows 11 22h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.22621.5335
Windows 11 23h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.22631.5335
Windows 11 24h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.26100.4061

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Verify RRAS is installed
    Open Server Manager > Add Roles and Features, or run 'Get-WindowsFeature RemoteAccess' in PowerShell on server editions; on client Windows, check Services snap-in (services.msc) for 'Routing and Remote Access' service existence
    Affected if RRAS role/service is present on the system
  2. Confirm RRAS service status
    Run 'Get-Service RemoteAccess' in PowerShell or check the service status in services.msc
    Affected if RemoteAccess service is in a Started or Running state (vulnerability requires RRAS to be active)
  3. Determine Windows version
    Run 'winver' command, or run 'systeminfo' in Command Prompt, or run '[System.Environment]::OSVersion.Version' in PowerShell
    Affected if Installed version falls below any of these thresholds: 10.0.10240.21014 (1507), 10.0.14393.8066 (1607), 10.0.17763.7314 (1809), 10.0.19044.5854 (21h2), 10.0.19045.5854 (22h2), 10.0.22621.5335 (11 22h2), 10.0.22631.5335 (11 23h2), 10.0.26100.4061 (11 24h2)
  4. Confirm build number manually if needed
    Run 'Get-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion" | Select-Object CurrentBuild, DisplayVersion, UBR' in PowerShell for precise build details
    Affected if Build number is lower than the patched version for your specific Windows release (1507, 1607, 1809, 21h2, 22h2, 11 22h2, 11 23h2, or 11 24h2)

If the RemoteAccess (RRAS) service is running on a Windows version with a build number lower than the patched threshold for your specific Windows release, the system is vulnerable to CVE-2025-29961.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 10.0.10240.21014 / 10.0.14393.8066 / 10.0.17763.7314 or later
Fixed in 10.0.10240.2101410.0.14393.806610.0.17763.7314
Interim mitigation

Apply the Microsoft security update for CVE-2025-29961 to affected Windows servers running RRAS; if immediate patching is not feasible, consider disabling RRAS or restricting network access to RRAS services until the patch can be applied.

Recommended fix High confidence

Windows 10 1507: 10.0.10240.21014 | Windows 10 1607: 10.0.14393.8066 | Windows 10 1809: 10.0.17763.7314 | Windows 10 21h2: 10.0.19044.5854 | Windows 10 22h2: 10.0.19045.5854 | Windows 11 22h2: 10.0.22621.5335 | Windows 11 23h2: 10.0.22631.5335 | Windows 11 24h2: 10.0.26100.4061

  1. Open Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update and check for updates
  2. Alternatively, manually download the security update from the Microsoft Update Catalog (search for CVE-2025-29961)
  3. Install the cumulative security update for your Windows version
  4. Restart the system when prompted
  5. Verify the installation by checking Windows Update history for the installed KB article
Caveat Standard Windows security update; no expected breaking changes for RRAS functionality

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Windows 10 1507 Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
10.0 hours of engineering $1,750
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-29961 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data