CVE-2025-30131
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedAn issue was discovered on IROAD Dashcam FX2 devices. An unauthenticated file upload endpoint can be leveraged to execute arbitrary commands by uploading a CGI-based webshell. Once a file is uploaded, the attacker can execute commands with root privileges, gaining full control over the dashcam. Additionally, by uploading a netcat (nc) binary, the attacker can establish a reverse shell, maintaining persistent remote and privileged access to the device. This allows complete device takeover.
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysis · high confidenceThe IROAD Dashcam FX2 contains an unauthenticated file upload vulnerability that allows attackers to upload CGI-based webshells directly to the device. Once uploaded, the webshell executes with root privileges, enabling arbitrary command execution. Attackers can further escalate by uploading netcat binaries to establish persistent reverse shells, achieving full device takeover.
Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.
Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.
NVD · CPE dataall versionsCVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.
dbcve checksWork through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.
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Identify device exposureDetermine if the IROAD Dashcam FX2 web interface (typically ports 80/443 or custom ports) is accessible from untrusted networks or the public internet. Review network firewall rules and port forwarding configurations.Affected if The dashcam web interface is directly exposed to untrusted networks without network segmentation or firewall filtering.
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Inspect CGI upload functionalityIf you have administrative access to the device or its firmware image, locate the CGI web scripts directory (commonly /cgi-bin/ or similar on embedded devices). Examine for any unexpected or unrecognized script files with extensions such as .cgi, .sh, .pl, or .php.Affected if Unknown or suspicious CGI script files are present that were not part of the original firmware.
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Check for root-level webshell artifactsIf you can access the device file system, search for files with unusual names (random strings, common webshell names like cmd, shell, exec) or files containing suspicious patterns (base64 encoding, system() calls, shell commands).Affected if Files containing webshell code or enabling arbitrary command execution are found on the device.
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Detect reverse shell toolsExamine the device file system for netcat (nc), wget, curl, or other network utility binaries that were not part of the original firmware. Also check for cron jobs or startup scripts that may invoke these tools.Affected if Network utility binaries or scripts facilitating reverse connections exist on the device.
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Monitor for anomalous network behaviorReview network logs, firewall logs, or IDS alerts for the dashcam initiating unexpected outbound connections, especially to unfamiliar IP addresses on unusual ports.Affected if The device is establishing outbound connections to unknown external hosts, indicating potential post-exploitation activity.
If the device web interface is network-accessible and any unknown CGI files, webshell artifacts, or reverse shell tools are present on the device, it is likely compromised. Since all firmware versions are affected, exposure to untrusted networks is the primary risk factor.
Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
From vendor dataApply vendor firmware updates when available; until then, network-segment the device to restrict exposure and disable any unnecessary upload endpoints via configuration or firewall rules.
- Consultation4.0 h
- Implementation8.0 h
- Testing4.0 h
- Review / QA2.0 h
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Scan for this in your stack
Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-30131 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-30131 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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- Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
- Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
- No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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