XML External Entity (XXE)Weakness · CWE-611

CVE-2025-4044

HIGH · 8.2 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-08-19
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
82/100
Remediation priority · High

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference in various Lexmark printer drivers for Windows allows attacker to disclose sensitive information to an arbitrary URL.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

CVE-2025-4044 is an XXE (XML External Entity) vulnerability in Lexmark printer drivers for Windows. The improper restriction of XML external entity references allows a crafted XML document to reference arbitrary URLs, enabling attackers to disclose sensitive information from the affected system or conduct SSRF attacks. This is a classic XXE injection flaw in the driver's XML parser.

MitigationApply the vendor-provided patch or updated Lexmark printer drivers. Until patches are available, restrict driver file processing and monitor for suspicious XML-based network requests from printer driver services.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Verify Lexmark printer driver installation
    Open Windows Control Panel > Devices and Printers, or run 'Get-PrinterDriver' in PowerShell to list installed printer drivers. Look for Lexmark-named drivers.
    Affected if Any Lexmark printer driver is present on the system
  2. Identify Lexmark driver version
    In PowerShell, run 'Get-PrinterDriver | Where-Object {$_.Name -like "*Lexmark*"} | Format-List *' to retrieve detailed driver version information. Compare the version against any Lexmark security advisories for CVE-2025-4044.
    Affected if The installed Lexmark driver version is unpatched or within an affected version range
  3. Confirm XML processing is enabled
    Check if the Lexmark driver has XML-related configuration. Look in the driver installation directory (typically C:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\x64\ or C:\Program Files\Lexmark\) for XML parser components or configuration files that enable XML document processing.
    Affected if XML processing functionality is present and active in the driver
  4. Monitor for suspicious XML-based network requests
    Use Windows Event Viewer or network monitoring tools (such as Windows netsh trace or a third-party packet capture) to observe outgoing HTTP/HTTPS requests from printer driver processes. XXE exploits typically involve requests to arbitrary URLs specified in crafted XML.
    Affected if Unexpected or unauthorized XML-based HTTP requests are observed originating from printer driver services

A system is affected if it has an unpatched Lexmark printer driver for Windows with XML processing enabled, and suspicious XML-based outbound network requests are detected.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Apply the vendor-provided patch or updated Lexmark printer drivers. Until patches are available, restrict driver file processing and monitor for suspicious XML-based network requests from printer driver services.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing3.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
11.0 hours of engineering $1,930
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-4044 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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