Out-of-bounds WriteWeakness · CWE-787

CVE-2025-41237

CRITICAL · 9.3 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-07-15
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
98/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion contain an integer-underflow in VMCI (Virtual Machine Communication Interface) that leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host. On ESXi, the exploitation is contained within the VMX sandbox whereas, on Workstation and Fusion, this may lead to code execution on the machine where Workstation or Fusion is installed.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

Integer underflow in VMware's Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI) leads to an out-of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine can exploit this to execute code as the VMX process on the host. On ESXi, exploitation is contained within the VMX sandbox; on Workstation and Fusion, this allows code execution on the host machine.

MitigationApply VMware security patches when released; until then, restrict local administrative privileges on VMs and minimize the number of users with such access.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify the VMware product in use
    Determine if the system runs ESXi (bare-metal hypervisor), Workstation (Windows/Linux desktop), or Fusion (macOS desktop). On ESXi, use 'vmware -l' or check the ESXi host client version. On Workstation, run 'vmware -v' or check Help > About. On Fusion, check Fusion > About Fusion.
    Affected if The product is VMware ESXi, Workstation, or Fusion without current security patches applied.
  2. Check the installed VMware version
    Compare your current version against the affected version ranges. On ESXi, run 'vmware -v' or check the vSphere Client. On Workstation/Fusion, run 'vmware -v' from command line or view Help > About VMware. Obtain the exact version and build numbers.
    Affected if The installed version falls within the unpatched version range for this CVE.
  3. Verify if VMCI is present and enabled
    Check the virtual machine's configuration file (.vmx) for VMCI-related settings. Look for entries such as 'vmci0.present = "TRUE"' or similar VMCI device configuration. On ESXi, you can also check via 'vim-cmd vmsvc/get.config <vm_id>' or the vSphere Client VM settings.
    Affected if VMCI is present and enabled in the virtual machine configuration (vmci0.present = TRUE or equivalent setting exists).
  4. Confirm guest VM has administrative privileges
    This vulnerability requires an attacker with local administrative privileges on the guest virtual machine. Review the VM user permissions and verify who has admin rights inside the guest OS.
    Affected if Non-trusted users have administrative privileges inside the guest virtual machine, providing a potential attacker path to exploit the VMCI flaw.

You are affected if you run an unpatched version of ESXi, Workstation, or Fusion WITH VMCI enabled, and untrusted users have administrative access to guest virtual machines.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Apply VMware security patches when released; until then, restrict local administrative privileges on VMs and minimize the number of users with such access.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
20.0 hours of engineering $3,500
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Scan for this in your stack

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dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-41237 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data