Out-of-bounds WriteWeakness · CWE-787

CVE-2025-41238

CRITICAL · 9.3 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-07-15
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
98/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
VMware ESXi, Workstation, and Fusion contain a heap-overflow vulnerability in the PVSCSI (Paravirtualized SCSI) controller that leads to an out of-bounds write. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the host. On ESXi, the exploitation is contained within the VMX sandbox and exploitable only with configurations that are unsupported. On Workstation and Fusion, this may lead to code execution on the machine where Workstation or Fusion is installed.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

Heap-overflow vulnerability in VMware's PVSCSI (Paravirtualized SCSI) controller allows an attacker with local administrative privileges on a guest VM to trigger an out-of-bounds write, potentially executing code as the VMX process on the host. On ESXi, exploitation is sandboxed within the VMX process but may be achievable with certain unsupported configurations; on Workstation and Fusion, this may lead to arbitrary code execution on the host system.

MitigationApply vendor patches when available; restrict local administrative access to virtual machines to trusted users only; avoid unsupported configurations on ESXi that may expand the attack surface.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify the VMware product running the guest VM
    Determine if the host runs ESXi, Workstation, or Fusion. On the host system, check the installed VMware software and its version (for example, run 'vmware -v' on Workstation/Fusion or check the ESXi host client for the ESXi version).
    Affected if The product is ESXi, Workstation, or Fusion and the version falls within the affected range (compare your installed version to the affected ranges once published).
  2. Locate virtual machines using the PVSCSI controller
    Inspect the VM configuration files (.vmx for Workstation/Fusion, .vmx or via ESXi host client for ESXi) and look for a line containing 'scsiX.present = "TRUE"' where the controller type is set to 'pvscsi' (for example, 'scsi0.present = "TRUE"' and 'scsi0.virtualDev = "pvscsi"').
    Affected if Any VM is configured with a PVSCSI (pvscsi) controller and the VMware host version is vulnerable.
  3. Confirm guest VM has administrative privileges on the host
    Review the user accounts that have administrative or root privileges on the guest VM itself. In ESXi, check the VM's permissions in the vSphere Client; in Workstation/Fusion, verify local user membership in the Administrators group on the guest OS.
    Affected if An untrusted user has local administrative rights inside the guest VM that uses a PVSCSI controller on a vulnerable VMware host.

A user is affected if their VMware host runs a vulnerable version of ESXi, Workstation, or Fusion and they have a guest VM configured with a PVSCSI controller accessible to an untrusted local administrator.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Apply vendor patches when available; restrict local administrative access to virtual machines to trusted users only; avoid unsupported configurations on ESXi that may expand the attack surface.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation24.0 h
  • Testing12.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
44.0 hours of engineering $7,640
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-41238 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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