Hard-coded CredentialsWeakness · CWE-798

CVE-2025-4130

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-07-21
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
84/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in PAVO Inc. PAVO Pay allows Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable. This issue affects PAVO Pay: before 13.05.2025.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

PAVO Pay contains hard-coded credentials embedded within its executable file. Attackers can extract these credentials by analyzing the binary, potentially gaining unauthorized access to the application or associated systems.

MitigationReplace hard-coded credentials with secure credential management (environment variables, secrets vaults, or configuration files outside the codebase), rotate any exposed credentials, and update to the patched version released on or after May 13, 2025.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Locate PAVO Pay executable
    Search for the pavopay executable on the system. On Windows use 'where /r C:\ pavopay.exe' or 'Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -Filter *pavopay* -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue'. On Linux use 'find / -name "*pavopay*" 2>/dev/null'
    Affected if PAVO Pay executable is found on the system
  2. Determine installed version
    Right-click the executable, select Properties, and view the Version tab. Alternatively, attempt to run 'pavopay --version' or 'pavopay -v' from the command line if supported
    Affected if Version cannot be determined or the version was released before the May 13, 2025 patch date
  3. Extract readable strings from the binary
    Use the strings command to extract printable strings from the executable. On Windows: 'strings pavopay.exe'. On Linux: 'strings pavopay'. Search for credential patterns such as 'password', 'passwd', 'secret', 'key', 'token', 'api', 'auth'
    Affected if Hard-coded strings resembling passwords, API keys, tokens, database credentials, or other secrets are found embedded in the binary
  4. Check executable file timestamp
    Check the file modification date. On Windows use 'dir pavopay.exe | findstr pavopay'. On Linux use 'stat pavopay'. Compare the last-modified timestamp to May 13, 2025
    Affected if The executable was compiled or last modified before May 13, 2025, suggesting it likely contains the unpatched hard-coded credentials

The environment is affected if PAVO Pay is installed and the executable contains embedded hard-coded credentials, or if the version predates the May 13, 2025 patch date

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Replace hard-coded credentials with secure credential management (environment variables, secrets vaults, or configuration files outside the codebase), rotate any exposed credentials, and update to the patched version released on or after May 13, 2025.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
16.0 hours of engineering $2,800
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-4130 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-4130 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data