Improper Input ValidationWeakness · CWE-20

CVE-2025-41378

MEDIUM · 6.9 CVSS v4.0 Published 2025-05-23
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
71/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The SSID field is not parsed correctly and can be used to inject commands into the hostpad.conf file. This can be exploited by an attacker to extend his knowledge of the system and compromise other devices. The information is filtered by the logs function of the web panel.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This is a command injection vulnerability in wireless access point firmware where the SSID field input is not properly validated before being written to the hostpad.conf configuration file. An attacker can embed malicious commands within the SSID field that get executed when the configuration is processed, potentially allowing privilege escalation and lateral movement to compromise other devices on the network.

MitigationImplement strict input validation and sanitization for the SSID field, ensuring special characters are properly escaped or rejected before写入hostpad.conf. Apply principle of least privilege to the configuration generation process.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Adjacent
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
Authentication
X
User interaction
None
Scope
X

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify if the device runs hostapd-based wireless firmware
    Locate the hostapd.conf or hostapd configuration file on the system, typically found in /etc/hostapd.conf, /etc/config/wireless, or within the device's firmware filesystem
    Affected if The device is a wireless access point and uses hostapd for Wi-Fi functionality
  2. Locate and inspect the SSID configuration entry
    Read the hostapd.conf file and find the 'ssid=' parameter line that defines the wireless network name
    Affected if An SSID parameter exists in the configuration file
  3. Check for shell metacharacters in the SSID value
    Examine the SSID value for presence of characters such as backticks ($), semicolons (;), pipes (|), quotes (' or "), backslashes (\), or command substitution syntax that could indicate injection
    Affected if The SSID field contains any shell metacharacters or suspicious patterns that were not intentionally configured
  4. Verify how the SSID is configured
    Determine whether the SSID is set via a web interface, CLI, or configuration file, and check if user input is directly written to hostapd.conf without sanitization
    Affected if SSID configuration accepts direct user input without apparent input validation before writing to hostapd.conf
  5. Audit configuration file permissions and ownership
    Check if the hostapd.conf file is owned by a privileged user and has restrictive permissions, and verify if the process writing to it runs with elevated privileges
    Affected if The configuration file is writable by low-privilege users or the SSID input process runs as root without validation

A user is affected if their wireless access point firmware uses hostapd and the SSID configuration contains shell metacharacters or was written directly from unvalidated user input to hostapd.conf.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Implement strict input validation and sanitization for the SSID field, ensuring special characters are properly escaped or rejected before写入hostpad.conf. Apply principle of least privilege to the configuration generation process.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation3.0 h
  • Implementation6.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
15.0 hours of engineering $2,640
Get help mitigating

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $4,224.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-41378 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-41378 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data