R7000 FirmwareOperating system · Netgear

CVE-2025-44650

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-07-21
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
84/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
In Netgear R7000 V1.3.1.64_10.1.36 and EAX80 V1.0.1.70_1.0.2, the USERLIMIT_GLOBAL option is set to 0 in the bftpd.conf configuration file. This can cause DoS attacks when unlimited users are connected.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

In Netgear R7000 and EAX80 firmware versions, the bftpd FTP server configuration file (bftpd.conf) has USERLIMIT_GLOBAL set to 0, which removes all limits on concurrent user connections. This misconfiguration allows an attacker to open unlimited simultaneous connections and exhaust server resources, resulting in a denial of service.

MitigationModify the bftpd.conf configuration file to set USERLIMIT_GLOBAL to a reasonable maximum value (e.g., 10-50) based on expected legitimate usage, then restart the bftpd service.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
R7000 FirmwareOperating system
Affected:= 1.3.1.64_10.1.36
Eax80 FirmwareOperating system
Affected:= 1.0.1.70_1.0.2

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify router model
    Check the device model label or admin interface to confirm it is a Netgear R7000 or EAX80 router
    Affected if Device is not a Netgear R7000 or EAX80, then not affected by this specific CVE
  2. Check firmware version
    Access the router admin web interface (typically at 192.168.1.1) and navigate to the Firmware Update or Administration section to view the current firmware version
    Affected if Firmware version is not exactly 1.3.1.64_10.1.36 for R7000 or 1.0.1.70_1.0.2 for EAX80, then not affected
  3. Verify bftpd FTP server is enabled
    In the router admin interface, look for FTP server, file sharing, or port forwarding settings to determine if the built-in FTP server (bftpd) is turned on
    Affected if bftpd FTP server is disabled, then the misconfiguration cannot be exploited
  4. Inspect bftpd.conf for USERLIMIT_GLOBAL setting
    Access the router via telnet or SSH (if enabled), or extract the firmware image and locate the bftpd.conf configuration file. Search for the line containing USERLIMIT_GLOBAL and note its value
    Affected if USERLIMIT_GLOBAL is set to 0 (zero), the router is vulnerable to resource exhaustion from unlimited concurrent connections

A router is affected only if it is a Netgear R7000 running firmware 1.3.1.64_10.1.36 or EAX80 running 1.0.1.70_1.0.2, has bftpd FTP server enabled, and the bftpd.conf file has USERLIMIT_GLOBAL set to 0.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Modify the bftpd.conf configuration file to set USERLIMIT_GLOBAL to a reasonable maximum value (e.g., 10-50) based on expected legitimate usage, then restart the bftpd service.

Fix this in R7000 Firmware Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation1.0 h
  • Implementation1.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
5.0 hours of engineering $860
Get help mitigating

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,376.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-44650 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-44650 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data