dbcve.org
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)Weakness · CWE-352

CVE-2025-48311

HIGH · 7.1 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-08-28
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
78/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable No privileges

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in OffClicks Invisible Optin invisible-optin allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Invisible Optin: from n/a through <= 1.0.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

CSRF vulnerability in the Invisible Optin plugin enables attackers to craft malicious requests that, when triggered by an authenticated administrator, inject stored XSS payloads into plugin settings or content. The stored XSS executes whenever an admin accesses the affected area, potentially leading to session hijacking or further privilege escalation.

MitigationImplement anti-CSRF tokens on all state-changing operations (forms, AJAX endpoints) and apply robust input sanitization/output encoding to prevent XSS. Additionally, consider adding SameSite cookie attributes and origin validation.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm Invisible Optin plugin is installed
    Navigate to WordPress admin dashboard and check the installed plugins list, or inspect the wp-content/plugins directory for an 'invisible-optin' folder
    Affected if The Invisible Optin plugin is present in the WordPress installation
  2. Identify the installed plugin version
    Access the plugin files (typically in wp-content/plugins/invisible-optin/) and locate the main plugin file (e.g., invisible-optin.php) to read the version header, or check via WordPress plugin admin interface
    Affected if The installed version matches or falls within any vulnerable version range (compare your version to the affected releases)
  3. Inspect plugin forms and AJAX endpoints for missing CSRF protection
    Examine the plugin PHP source code for anti-CSRF token implementation: search for 'nonce' or 'wp_verify_nonce' function calls in all form handlers and AJAX action callbacks. Also check if 'check_admin_referer' or 'check_ajax_referer' is used
    Affected if State-changing operations (form submissions, AJAX requests) lack nonce verification or admin referer checks, leaving them vulnerable to CSRF attacks
  4. Review plugin settings and content for stored XSS payloads
    Access the plugin settings pages in the WordPress admin dashboard and inspect any stored values (optin forms, messages, configurations). Use browser developer tools or database query to examine the wp_options table for the plugin's option names and their stored values
    Affected if Unusual or malicious scripts appear in plugin settings, option values, or stored content that were not intentionally configured by the administrator
  5. Verify cookie security configurations
    Inspect the plugin code for SameSite cookie attributes on session cookies, and check if the application sets SameSite=Strict or SameSite=Lax on authentication cookies
    Affected if Cookies lack SameSite attributes, allowing cross-site request forgery to succeed more easily

A user is affected if the Invisible Optin plugin is installed and its forms/AJAX endpoints lack anti-CSRF token validation, allowing attackers to inject stored XSS that executes when administrators access the plugin settings.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Implement anti-CSRF tokens on all state-changing operations (forms, AJAX endpoints) and apply robust input sanitization/output encoding to prevent XSS. Additionally, consider adding SameSite cookie attributes and origin validation.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
9.0 hours of engineering $1,600
Get help mitigating

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $2,560.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-48311 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

Get it on GitHub Scan in the browser

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-48311 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data