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Improper Certificate ValidationWeakness · CWE-295

CVE-2025-48393

MEDIUM · 5.7 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-08-06
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
61/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Remotely reachable

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
The server identity check mechanism for firmware upgrade performed via command shell is insecurely implemented potentially allowing an attacker to perform a Man-in-the-middle attack. This security issue has been fixed in the latest firmware version of Eaton G4 PDU which is available on the Eaton download center.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

The server identity check mechanism for firmware upgrades performed via command shell on Eaton G4 PDU devices is insecurely implemented, allowing potential Man-in-the-Middle attackers to intercept and modify firmware during the upgrade process. This likely indicates missing or insufficient certificate/identity validation when the PDU connects to the firmware download server, enabling injection of malicious firmware.

MitigationUpdate the Eaton G4 PDU to the latest firmware version available from the Eaton download center to remediate this vulnerability.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
High
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm device model is Eaton G4 PDU
    Access the PDU management interface or use command shell to query the device model identifier (e.g., 'show system' or similar command). Verify the model number indicates G4 series.
    Affected if Device is not an Eaton G4 PDU model - this CVE applies specifically to G4 series devices.
  2. Identify installed firmware version
    Execute the command shell command to display firmware version (commonly 'show version' or 'fwversion' depending on shell syntax). Record the version string.
    Affected if Unable to determine firmware version - version must be known to assess exposure.
  3. Check firmware upgrade configuration
    Review the PDU command shell configuration for firmware upgrade settings. Look for commands related to firmware download or upgrade (e.g., 'upgrade firmware', 'firmware update', 'fw upgrade'). Check if a remote server URL is configured for firmware downloads.
    Affected if No remote firmware upgrade server is configured - the vulnerability requires a network-based firmware download to be exploitable.
  4. Inspect server identity validation settings
    In the command shell, search for SSL/TLS, certificate, or server validation options related to firmware updates (e.g., 'show cert', 'ssl verify', 'server validate'). Determine if certificate verification is enabled or disabled for firmware downloads.
    Affected if Server identity/certificate validation is disabled or not configured for firmware upgrade connections.
  5. Review network placement for MITM exposure
    Assess whether the PDU firmware upgrade traffic traverses untrusted networks. Check if the firmware download server connection uses HTTPS with proper certificate chain validation.
    Affected if Traffic can be intercepted (unencrypted HTTP or no certificate validation) - MITM attack requires ability to intercept network traffic between PDU and firmware server.

You are affected if you own an Eaton G4 PDU that performs firmware upgrades via command shell to a remote server without validating server certificates/identity, allowing potential injection of malicious firmware.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Update the Eaton G4 PDU to the latest firmware version available from the Eaton download center to remediate this vulnerability.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation3.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
8.0 hours of engineering $1,420
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-48393 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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