CVE-2025-49604
Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.
NVD · uneditedFor Realtek AmebaD devices, a heap-based buffer overflow was discovered in Ameba-AIoT ameba-arduino-d before version 3.1.9 and ameba-rtos-d before commit c2bfd8216a1cbc19ad2ab5f48f372ecea756d67a on 2025/07/03. In the WLAN driver defragment function, lack of validation of the size of fragmented Wi-Fi frames may lead to a heap-based buffer overflow.
Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.
dbcve analysisData overflows a buffer allocated on the heap, corrupting neighbouring heap structures and allocator metadata that a patient attacker can groom into control of execution. It is subtler than a stack overflow but just as dangerous. The fix is validating lengths before every write and using safe allocators and bounded operations.
General guidance for the heap-based buffer overflow class — the official description and references above are authoritative for this specific CVE. Want a bespoke review and a reviewed fix? Ask our team →
CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.
From the vector- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- Low
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- None
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.
dbcve · scopedameba-arduino-d version 3.1.9 or ameba-rtos-d commit c2bfd8216a1cbc19ad2ab5f48f372ecea756d67a
- 1. Identify which AmebaD firmware variant is in use (ameba-arduino-d or ameba-rtos-d)
- 2. For ameba-arduino-d users: Upgrade to version 3.1.9 or later from the official Ameba-AIoT repository
- 3. For ameba-rtos-d users: Update to the commit c2bfd8216a1cbc19ad2ab5f48f372ecea756d67a or later
- 4. Rebuild and redeploy the firmware to all affected AmebaD devices
- 5. Verify the WLAN driver defragment function now properly validates frame sizes before buffer allocation
Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.
Scan for this in your stack
Free · runs locallyCheck whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-49604 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.
References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.
Primary sourcesPractitioner notes
ContributedPeer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-49604 in production — separate from our analysis above.
The advisory tells you what broke. It rarely tells you what actually worked. If you’ve dealt with this one, that detail is what the next engineer is searching for.
- The version that genuinely resolved it — not the one the vendor claimed
- A config change or rule that shut the vector down
- A gotcha in the upgrade path that cost you an afternoon
No notes yet
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