Improper Access ControlWeakness · CWE-284

CVE-2025-61116

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-10-30
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
84/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
AdForest - Classified Android App version 4.0.12 (package name scriptsbundle.adforest), developed by Muhammad Jawad Arshad, contains an improper access control vulnerability in its authentication mechanism. The app uses a Base64-encoded email address as the authorization credential, which can be manipulated by attackers to gain unauthorized access to user accounts. Successful exploitation could result in account compromise, privacy breaches, and misuse of the platform.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

The AdForest Android app uses Base64-encoded email addresses as authorization credentials instead of proper cryptographic authentication. Since Base64 is encoding (not encryption), attackers can easily decode, modify, and re-encode credentials to impersonate users and gain unauthorized account access.

MitigationReplace the Base64-based credential system with proper token-based authentication (e.g., OAuth 2.0, JWT with secure signing) combined with secure session management and HTTPS transport encryption.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify AdForest app installation and version
    On the Android device, go to Settings > Apps > AdForest, or use adb shell pm list packages to verify the app is installed. Check the app version in the app's Play Store listing or in Settings > Apps > AdForest > Version info.
    Affected if The installed version of AdForest Android app exists and matches any version using Base64-encoded credentials in the authentication flow
  2. Inspect app authentication implementation
    Decompile the APK using tools like jadx or apktool. Examine the source code for authentication-related classes (e.g., classes related to login, auth, session). Search for Base64 encoding/decoding operations used on email addresses or user credentials.
    Affected if Code shows Base64 encoding of email addresses used as authorization tokens or session credentials
  3. Capture and analyze network traffic
    Use a proxy tool (such as Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP, or Charles Proxy) configured on the Android device to intercept HTTPS traffic from the app. Perform a login and observe the authentication request/response headers and body.
    Affected if Network traffic reveals Base64-encoded email addresses being transmitted as authentication credentials without proper cryptographic tokens
  4. Verify absence of proper token-based auth
    In the decompiled code or captured traffic, check if authentication uses standard methods like OAuth 2.0 access tokens, JWT with signatures, or secure session cookies. Look for API endpoints that accept plain Base64-encoded email strings as the sole authorization mechanism.
    Affected if The app relies solely on Base64-encoded email strings for authorization rather than signed tokens or proper session management

The environment is affected if the AdForest Android app uses Base64-encoded email addresses as the primary authorization mechanism without proper cryptographic authentication tokens.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Replace the Base64-based credential system with proper token-based authentication (e.g., OAuth 2.0, JWT with secure signing) combined with secure session management and HTTPS transport encryption.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation6.0 h
  • Implementation24.0 h
  • Testing12.0 h
  • Review / QA6.0 h
48.0 hours of engineering $8,400
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-61116 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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