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Windows 11 23h2Operating system · Microsoft

CVE-2025-62468

MEDIUM · 5.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-12-09
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 10.0.22631.6345 / 10.0.25398.2025 or later.
See remediation →
57/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Defender Firewall Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Windows Defender Firewall Service that allows a locally authorized attacker to read sensitive information from memory beyond intended boundaries. The flaw stems from improper bounds checking in the firewall service component, enabling disclosure of potentially sensitive data to an authenticated local user.

MitigationApply Microsoft security updates for Windows Defender Firewall when released. Until a patch is available, restrict local administrative access and monitor system logs for anomalous firewall service behavior.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
Windows 11 23h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.22631.6345
Windows 11 24h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.26100.7392
Windows 11 25h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.26200.7392
Windows Server 2022 23h2Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.25398.2025
Windows Server 2025Operating system
Affected:< 10.0.26100.7392

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check Windows build version
    Run 'winver' or 'systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Version"' to get the full build number, or run 'ver' at command prompt
    Affected if Build number is below 10.0.22631.6345 (Win11 23h2), 10.0.26100.7392 (Win11 24h2/Server 2025), 10.0.26200.7392 (Win11 25h2), or 10.0.25398.2025 (Server 2022 23h2)
  2. Verify Windows Defender Firewall service is running
    Open Services (services.msc) and locate 'Windows Defender Firewall', or run 'sc query MpsSvc' at command prompt
    Affected if The Windows Defender Firewall service (MpsSvc) is in a running state - the flaw exists in this service component
  3. Confirm firewall is enabled
    Run 'netsh advfirewall show allprofiles' or check via Windows Security app under Firewall & network protection
    Affected if Firewall is enabled for any profile (Domain, Private, or Public) - the vulnerable code path is active when firewall is running
  4. Check current user privileges
    Run 'whoami /groups' or 'whoami /all' to see if you have administrative privileges
    Affected if User has local administrative rights - the CVSS indicates this is a locally authorized attacker scenario

Your environment is affected if you are running an unpatched Windows 11 (23h2/24h2/25h2) or Windows Server 2022/2025 build below the thresholds listed AND the Windows Defender Firewall service is running.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 10.0.22631.6345 / 10.0.25398.2025 / 10.0.26100.7392 or later
Fixed in 10.0.22631.634510.0.25398.202510.0.26100.7392
Interim mitigation

Apply Microsoft security updates for Windows Defender Firewall when released. Until a patch is available, restrict local administrative access and monitor system logs for anomalous firewall service behavior.

Recommended fix High confidence

Windows 11 23h2: build 10.0.22631.6345 or later | Windows 11 24h2: build 10.0.26100.7392 or later | Windows 11 25h2: build 10.0.26200.7392 or later | Windows Server 2022 23h2: build 10.0.25398.2025 or later | Windows Server 2025: build 10.0.26100.7392 or later

  1. Open Settings > Windows Update and check for updates
  2. Install all available cumulative updates for your Windows version
  3. After installation, verify the build number matches or exceeds the fixed version (KB reference: MSRC-CVE-2025-62468)
  4. Restart the system if prompted to complete the update

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Windows 11 23h2 Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation1.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
6.0 hours of engineering $1,060
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,696.

Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-62468 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data