OS Command InjectionWeakness · CWE-78

CVE-2025-64128

CRITICAL · 10.0 CVSS v3.1 Published 2025-11-26
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
An OS command injection vulnerability exists due to incomplete validation of user-supplied input. Validation fails to enforce sufficient formatting rules, which could permit attackers to append arbitrary data. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to inject arbitrary commands.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

This is an OS command injection vulnerability in a web application or API where user-supplied input is passed to system commands without proper validation. An unauthenticated attacker can inject arbitrary OS commands by appending command separators or payloads to user input fields that are used in shell execution routines.

MitigationImplement strict input validation using allowlists, avoid passing user input to shell commands, use parameterized APIs or sandboxed execution environments instead of shell invocation.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify shell command execution points in the application
    Search the codebase for functions that invoke system commands such as exec(), system(), shell_exec(), popen(), Runtime.exec(), ProcessBuilder, or similar shell invocation methods
    Affected if The application contains code that executes system commands and user-controlled input reaches these functions without validation
  2. Map user input sources to command execution paths
    Trace data flow from HTTP request parameters, headers, cookies, and POST body fields to the identified shell execution functions
    Affected if User-supplied input from web requests flows directly into shell command execution routines without sanitization
  3. Inspect input validation on command-sensitive endpoints
    Review the validation logic for parameters used in command execution - check for allowlists, rejection of command separators (;, |, &, $, `, ||, &&), or absence of any input filtering
    Affected if No strict input validation exists, or validation can be bypassed, allowing command separators or payloads to pass through
  4. Check for unauthenticated command execution routes
    Identify if the vulnerable command execution endpoints are accessible without authentication - review routing configuration and access control definitions
    Affected if The command execution functionality is reachable by unauthenticated users (no login or session required)
  5. Examine command construction method
    Review how commands are built - look for string concatenation, string formatting, or interpolation of user input into shell command strings versus use of parameterized command execution APIs
    Affected if Commands are constructed by concatenating user input into shell strings rather than using parameterized execution methods

You are affected if your application exposes any functionality that passes unauthenticated user input directly into shell command execution without strict validation or safe API usage.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Implement strict input validation using allowlists, avoid passing user input to shell commands, use parameterized APIs or sandboxed execution environments instead of shell invocation.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation8.0 h
  • Implementation16.0 h
  • Testing8.0 h
  • Review / QA8.0 h
40.0 hours of engineering $7,120
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-64128 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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