Classic Buffer OverflowWeakness · CWE-120

CVE-2025-9962

CRITICAL · 10.0 CVSS v4.0 Published 2025-09-23
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A buffer overflow vulnerability in Novakon P series allows attackers to gain root permission without prior authentication.This issue affects P series: P – V2001.A.C518o2 until P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06 (commit d0f97fd9).

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

Buffer overflow vulnerability in Novakon P series industrial devices enables unauthenticated attackers to achieve privilege escalation to root access. The flaw exists across firmware versions from V2001.A.C518o2 through P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06, allowing remote compromise without any credentials.

MitigationImmediately upgrade Novakon P series firmware to a version beyond P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06 once available from the vendor. If no patch exists, isolate affected devices on restricted network segments and monitor for unauthorized access attempts.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
Authentication
X
User interaction
None
Scope
X

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Retrieve the device firmware version
    Access the Novakon P series device web interface (typically http://<device-ip>/) and navigate to System Info or Settings > Firmware, or log into the device CLI and run 'version' or 'show firmware' command
    Affected if The displayed firmware version falls within the range V2001.A.C518o2 through P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06 (inclusive)
  2. Identify the exact firmware build string
    Note the complete firmware build string displayed (e.g., 'P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06' or similar) - look for both the version number and the build date in the system information page
    Affected if The build string contains a version at or before P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06, or contains V2001.A.C518o2 or later versions up to that threshold
  3. Verify network exposure of the device
    Determine if the device management interface or any services are directly accessible from untrusted networks by reviewing network firewall rules, VLAN configuration, or performing a port scan (nmap <device-ip>)
    Affected if The device management ports (commonly HTTP/HTTPS on 80/443 or custom industrial protocols) are reachable from outside the trusted internal network
  4. Check for unauthorized access indicators
    Review device logs, authentication logs, or network intrusion detection alerts for suspicious access attempts, especially from external IPs or failed root privilege escalation attempts
    Affected if Any unauthorized access attempts or privilege escalation anomalies are logged, indicating active exploitation attempts in the environment

The environment is affected if the Novakon P series device runs firmware version V2001.A.C518o2 through P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06 and is network-accessible to untrusted parties.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Immediately upgrade Novakon P series firmware to a version beyond P-2.0.05 Build 2026.02.06 once available from the vendor. If no patch exists, isolate affected devices on restricted network segments and monitor for unauthorized access attempts.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation8.0 h
  • Implementation16.0 h
  • Testing12.0 h
  • Review / QA6.0 h
42.0 hours of engineering $7,360
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Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2025-9962 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2025-9962 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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