Code InjectionWeakness · CWE-94

CVE-2026-12866

CRITICAL · 9.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-06-23
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
All versions of the package expr-eval are vulnerable to Code Execution via the toJSFunction() API. An attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript by supplying crafted expressions that are compiled into native code using new Function(). Because user-controlled expressions are transformed directly into executable JavaScript, attackers can escape the intended expression sandbox and run arbitrary code within the application's context.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

The expr-eval package allows code execution through its toJSFunction() API, which compiles user-supplied expressions into native JavaScript using new Function(). Attackers can escape the intended expression sandbox by crafting malicious expressions that execute arbitrary code within the application's context.

MitigationAvoid using toJSFunction() with untrusted user input. Replace with safer expression evaluation alternatives that do not compile expressions to executable JavaScript code, or implement strict input validation and sandboxing if use of this API is unavoidable.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify expr-eval dependency
    Search package.json, package-lock.json, or yarn.lock files for the 'expr-eval' library entry
    Affected if The expr-eval library is present in project dependencies
  2. Locate toJSFunction() usage
    Search source code files for calls to 'toJSFunction' method, for example: toJSFunction( or .toJSFunction(
    Affected if Code contains any invocation of the toJSFunction() API
  3. Check input source to toJSFunction
    Trace the data flow into the toJSFunction() argument. Examine if the expression parameter comes from user request bodies, URL parameters, API inputs, files, or database fields that may contain untrusted data
    Affected if The expression argument to toJSFunction() originates from any user-controlled or external source including HTTP requests, file uploads, or untrusted storage
  4. Verify execution context
    Confirm that the toJSFunction() call executes the compiled function, for example: toJSFunction(expr)() or similar patterns that actually invoke the returned function
    Affected if The toJSFunction() output is actually called, executing the compiled JavaScript function
  5. Assess exposure
    Determine if the application processes expressions from unauthenticated users, multiple tenants, or external APIs without validation
    Affected if The application accepts and processes expressions from untrusted or public sources without sandboxing

You are affected if your application uses the expr-eval library with toJSFunction() on expressions that originate from user-controlled or untrusted sources.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Avoid using toJSFunction() with untrusted user input. Replace with safer expression evaluation alternatives that do not compile expressions to executable JavaScript code, or implement strict input validation and sandboxing if use of this API is unavoidable.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
18.0 hours of engineering $3,200
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-12866 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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