N8nApplication

CVE-2026-25049

CRITICAL · 9.9 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-02-04
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 1.123.17 / 2.5.2 or later.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable Zero-click Patch available

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could abuse crafted expressions in workflow parameters to trigger unintended system command execution on the host running n8n. This issue has been patched in versions 1.123.17 and 2.5.2.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

n8n workflow automation platform versions prior to 1.123.17 and 2.5.2 contain an expression injection vulnerability. Authenticated users with permissions to create or modify workflows can embed malicious expressions in workflow parameters that get evaluated with system-level privileges, leading to arbitrary command execution on the host.

MitigationUpgrade n8n to version 1.123.17 or 2.5.2 immediately. Until patched, restrict workflow creation/modification permissions to trusted administrators only and audit existing workflows for suspicious expressions.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
N8nApplication
Affected:< 1.123.17>= 2.0.0, < 2.5.2

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify the installed n8n version
    Access the n8n UI and look at the footer for the version number, or query the API endpoint /rest/version if available, or check the package.json file in the n8n installation directory
    Affected if The installed version is less than 1.123.17, or is 2.0.0 through 2.5.1 (2.x branch)
  2. Verify workflow permissions configuration
    Navigate to the n8n settings or user management panel and review which roles have the ability to create or edit workflows
    Affected if Non-administrator users or roles are granted workflow creation or modification permissions
  3. Review existing workflows for suspicious expressions
    Access the workflow list, open individual workflows, and inspect all node parameters for unexpected expression syntax such as $(), $env, or {{ }} that may contain system commands or environment variable references
    Affected if Any workflow contains expressions that reference system commands, environment variables, or external executables that were not intentionally created by a trusted administrator
  4. Check audit logs for workflow modifications
    Review n8n audit or execution logs for recent workflow saves or modifications, focusing on entries that include expression evaluation or system-level operations
    Affected if Recent workflow changes were made by users who should not have elevated privileges or contain unexpected evaluation patterns
  5. Confirm authentication is required
    Verify whether the n8n instance has authentication enabled for API access and user login, and whether anonymous user creation is permitted
    Affected if Anonymous or unauthenticated users can access the n8n instance and create workflows

You are affected if your n8n version is below 1.123.17 (1.x) or between 2.0.0 and 2.5.1 (2.x), AND untrusted users have workflow creation or modification permissions, OR suspicious expressions exist in any workflows.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 1.123.17 / 2.5.2 or later
Fixed in 1.123.172.5.2
Vendor patch github.com →
Interim mitigation

Upgrade n8n to version 1.123.17 or 2.5.2 immediately. Until patched, restrict workflow creation/modification permissions to trusted administrators only and audit existing workflows for suspicious expressions.

Recommended fix High confidence

Upgrade to n8n version 1.123.17 (for 1.x users) or version 2.5.2 or later (for 2.x users)

  1. 1. Identify the current n8n version running in your environment
  2. 2. If running version 1.x (e.g., 1.123.0-1.123.16), plan upgrade to version 1.123.17 or later
  3. 3. If running version 2.x (e.g., 2.0.0-2.5.1), plan upgrade to version 2.5.2 or later
  4. 4. Before upgrading, review the n8n release notes for breaking changes between your current version and target version
  5. 5. Perform a backup of your workflows, credentials, and settings
  6. 6. Test the upgrade in a non-production environment first
  7. 7. Execute the upgrade following n8n's standard upgrade procedure (typically: stop n8n, install new version, restart n8n)
  8. 8. Verify that workflows function correctly after upgrade
Caveat Review n8n release notes for version-specific breaking changes; minor version upgrades typically have minimal breaking changes

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in N8n Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation6.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA2.0 h
20.0 hours of engineering $3,600
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Scan for this in your stack

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-25049 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data