SystemdApplication · Systemd Project

CVE-2026-40223

MEDIUM · 5.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-04-10
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 260 or later.
See remediation →
57/100
Remediation priority · Elevated
Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
In systemd 258 before 260, a local unprivileged user can trigger an assert when a Delegate=yes and User=<unset> unit exists and is running.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A local unprivileged user can trigger an assertion failure in systemd versions 258 through 259 when a service unit with Delegate=yes and User=<unset> is running. This causes systemd to crash due to an unhandled assertion, creating a denial-of-service condition.

MitigationUpgrade systemd to version 260 or later, and avoid using Delegate=yes without setting an explicit User= in systemd unit files.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
SystemdApplication
Affected:>= 258, < 260

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check installed systemd version
    Run `systemctl --version` or `systemd --version` to determine the systemd version number
    Affected if Version is 258 or 259 (versions 260 and later are not affected)
  2. Identify units with Delegate=yes
    Search unit files in /etc/systemd/system/, /usr/lib/systemd/system/, and ~/.config/systemd/ for lines containing `Delegate=yes` using `grep -r "Delegate=yes"`
    Affected if Any .service file contains Delegate=yes without an accompanying User= setting
  3. Check for User= setting in Delegate units
    For each unit with Delegate=yes, inspect the file and verify whether User= is explicitly set (look for User=<username> or User=root)
    Affected if Delegate=yes is present but User= is not defined in the same unit file
  4. Identify running affected services
    Run `systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running` and cross-reference with units found in steps 2-3 to identify currently running services with Delegate=yes and no User= set
    Affected if Any service matching the Delegate=yes without User= configuration is currently running

Environment is affected if systemd version is 258 or 259 AND at least one service unit with Delegate=yes and no User= setting is running.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 260 or later
Fixed in 260
Interim mitigation

Upgrade systemd to version 260 or later, and avoid using Delegate=yes without setting an explicit User= in systemd unit files.

Recommended fix Moderate confidence

systemd 260

  1. Check current systemd version with: systemctl --version or hostnamectl
  2. Upgrade systemd to version 260 or later using your distribution's package manager (e.g., apt-get update && apt-get install systemd, yum update systemd, or dnf update systemd)
  3. After upgrading, reboot the system to ensure the new systemd init system is running
  4. Verify the fix by running: systemctl --version and confirming the version is >= 260
Caveat Upgrading systemd (the init system) carries inherent risk; ensure backups and test in non-production environments first

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Systemd Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation4.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
9.0 hours of engineering $1,600
Get the upgrade done

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $2,560.

Scan for this in your stack

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dbcve dependency scanner

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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-40223 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
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