OS Command InjectionWeakness · CWE-78

CVE-2026-4631

CRITICAL · 9.8 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-04-07
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Cockpit's remote login feature passes user-supplied hostnames and usernames from the web interface to the SSH client without validation or sanitization. An attacker with network access to the Cockpit web service can craft a single HTTP request to the login endpoint that injects malicious SSH options or shell commands, achieving code execution on the Cockpit host without valid credentials. The injection occurs during the authentication flow before any credential verification takes place, meaning no login is required to exploit the vulnerability.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Cockpit's remote login feature passes unsanitized user-supplied hostnames and usernames directly to the SSH client, allowing injection of malicious SSH options or shell commands via crafted HTTP requests to the login endpoint. This command injection occurs before any credential verification, enabling unauthenticated remote code execution on the host.

MitigationImplement strict input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied hostname and username parameters before passing them to the SSH client; consider using an allowlist approach for valid characters and restricting SSH client options to prevent command injection.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify Cockpit installation and version
    Run 'cockpit --version' or check package manager for installed cockpit version (e.g., 'rpm -q cockpit' or 'dpkg -l cockpit')
    Affected if Cockpit is installed and version falls within the affected range (compare to available patches or release notes for CVE-2026-4631)
  2. Confirm remote login feature is enabled
    Inspect Cockpit configuration files (typically in /etc/cockpit/ or ~/.config/cockpit/) for remote login or SSH connection settings; check the web interface for remote server login options under the SSH/Remote section
    Affected if Remote login feature is enabled and accessible to users or attackers
  3. Verify input sanitization on login endpoint
    Review Cockpit source code or configuration for hostname/username parameter handling; search for direct concatenation of user input into SSH command strings without validation or escaping
    Affected if Hostname and username parameters are passed directly to SSH client without sanitization or escaping functions
  4. Check for exposed login interface
    Determine if Cockpit web service is listening on network interfaces (check with 'netstat -tlnp' or 'ss -tlnp' for ports 9090 or configured HTTP/HTTPS ports); verify if authentication is required for all endpoints
    Affected if Cockpit login endpoint is reachable from network without proper authentication or rate limiting
  5. Inspect SSH command construction
    Examine Cockpit logs or debug output for SSH command execution patterns; search for process execution logs showing hostname/username in command arguments
    Affected if SSH commands are constructed using user-supplied hostnames/usernames without parameterization or validation

You are affected if Cockpit with remote login enabled is exposed and lacks proper input sanitization for hostname/username parameters before they are passed to the SSH client.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Implement strict input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied hostname and username parameters before passing them to the SSH client; consider using an allowlist approach for valid characters and restricting SSH client options to prevent command injection.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation6.0 h
  • Implementation12.0 h
  • Testing8.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
30.0 hours of engineering $5,280
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-4631 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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