CWE-913Weakness · CWE-913

CVE-2026-47131

CRITICAL · 10.0 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-06-12
Patch available
A vendor patch is available. No clean upgrade release — apply the published patch.
See remediation →
100/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click Patch available

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, by combining Buffer.call.call({}.__lookupGetter__, Buffer, "__proto__"), Buffer.call.call({}.__lookupSetter__, Buffer, "__proto__"), and Node.js's ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE Error, the host's TypeError constructor can be obtained, which allows the escape from the sandbox. This allows attackers to run arbitrary code. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

vm2 versions prior to 3.11.4 contain a sandbox escape vulnerability allowing arbitrary code execution. The attack chains Buffer.call.call() with __lookupGetter__/__lookupSetter__ and Node.js ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE Error to leak the host's TypeError constructor, enabling complete sandbox escape.

MitigationUpgrade vm2 to version 3.11.4 or later. If upgrading is not feasible, avoid using vm2 to run untrusted code.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Check if vm2 is installed as a dependency
    Run 'npm list vm2' in your project directory, or inspect package.json and package-lock.json for the vm2 entry
    Affected if vm2 appears in your dependencies
  2. Identify the installed vm2 version
    Run 'npm list vm2' or check the version field in node_modules/vm2/package.json
    Affected if The version is lower than 3.11.4 (e.g., 3.11.3, 3.10.x, etc.)
  3. Determine if vm2 is used to execute untrusted code
    Search your codebase for vm2 usage patterns such as 'new vm.Script()', 'vm.runInNewContext()', or 'vm.runInThisContext()' with user-controlled input
    Affected if Your application passes untrusted or external input directly to vm2 sandbox methods without additional security layers
  4. Check for sandbox configuration exposure
    Review code where the vm2 sandbox is created; look for whether the sandboxed code can access Buffer, process, or other Node.js built-ins
    Affected if The sandbox allows access to Buffer or permits prototype chain access that could enable the Buffer.call.call() attack vector
  5. Inspect error handling paths
    Search for error-throwing code within vm2 contexts, particularly where TypeError or ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE errors may be generated and caught
    Affected if Your vm2 usage involves catching or triggering Node.js errors within the sandbox that could leak the TypeError constructor

You are affected if vm2 version is below 3.11.4 AND your application uses vm2 to execute untrusted code without additional hardening layers.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Patch available Apply the vendor patch
Vendor patch github.com →
Interim mitigation

Upgrade vm2 to version 3.11.4 or later. If upgrading is not feasible, avoid using vm2 to run untrusted code.

Recommended fix High confidence

vm2 version 3.11.4

  1. 1. Check current vm2 version by running `npm list vm2` in your project directory
  2. 2. Update vm2 to version 3.11.4 or later by running `npm install [email protected]` or `npm install vm2@latest`
  3. 3. Verify the installation was successful by running `npm list vm2`
  4. 4. Test your application's sandbox functionality to ensure the upgrade does not break expected behavior
  5. 5. Rebuild any lockfiles if necessary (run `npm install` to regenerate package-lock.json)
Caveat Security patch release; minimal risk but test sandbox functionality after upgrade

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation1.0 h
  • Implementation1.0 h
  • Testing2.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
5.0 hours of engineering $860
Get the patch applied

An estimate, not a bill — we confirm scope with you before any work starts. Need it this week? Rush from $1,376.

Scan for this in your stack

Free · runs locally
dbcve dependency scanner

Check whether your project pulls in CVE-2026-47131 — or any other known-vulnerable package — straight from your lock files. Free and open source; it runs locally and uploads nothing.

References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-47131 in production — separate from our analysis above.

No notes yet

Be the first to add a field note for this CVE — a mitigation you’ve verified, a version caveat, or a link to a working fix. Sign in above to contribute.

What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
  • Verified mitigations, workarounds, and config changes
  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
  • No weaponised exploit code, or anything meant to cause harm
  • No spam, self-promotion, credentials, or personal data