Uncontrolled Resource ConsumptionWeakness · CWE-400

CVE-2026-51539

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-07-13
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
84/100
Remediation priority · High
Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click 5 weeks old

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
A Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the receive loop of libmodbus 3.1.12 when running on Windows. The issue stems from improper timeout management during network read operations.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · moderate confidence

A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in the receive loop of libmodbus 3.1.12 on Windows systems, caused by improper timeout management during network read operations. The vulnerability allows an attacker to trigger a DoS condition by exploiting how timeouts are handled in the Windows-specific network read code path.

MitigationApply vendor-supplied patches for libmodbus 3.1.12; if no patch exists, implement proper timeout handling logic in the Windows receive loop code, ensuring read operations are bound by appropriate timeout constraints.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify installed libmodbus version
    Locate the libmodbus library on the system and query its version information. On Windows, this may be through the DLL properties, or by checking version info embedded in the binary, or by using a tool to inspect the compiled library version.
    Affected if The installed version is exactly libmodbus 3.1.12
  2. Confirm Windows environment
    Verify that the system running libmodbus is a Windows operating system, as this vulnerability only affects the Windows-specific code path.
    Affected if The target system is running Windows and libmodbus is being used for network communication
  3. Check if network receive functionality is in use
    Determine whether the application using libmodbus is configured to perform network-based Modbus communications (TCP/RTU over TCP) which would invoke the receive loop code path.
    Affected if libmodbus is configured for TCP or network-based Modbus communication on Windows
  4. Inspect timeout configuration for network reads
    Examine the timeout settings applied to libmodbus network read operations. On Windows, improper timeout handling in the receive loop is the vulnerability trigger. Check if timeouts are set to very high values, disabled, or improperly handled in the Windows-specific network read code.
    Affected if Timeout values for network read operations are missing, set to infinite, or improperly managed in the Windows receive loop configuration

A system is affected if it runs libmodbus version 3.1.12 on Windows with network communication enabled and has improper or missing timeout constraints on the receive loop.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Apply vendor-supplied patches for libmodbus 3.1.12; if no patch exists, implement proper timeout handling logic in the Windows receive loop code, ensuring read operations are bound by appropriate timeout constraints.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA3.0 h
21.0 hours of engineering $3,680
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-51539 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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