Out-of-bounds WriteWeakness · CWE-787

CVE-2026-58592

HIGH · 8.3 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-07-01
Mitigation only
No fix yet — a mitigation exists. There is no fixed release. A documented workaround reduces exposure in the meantime.
See remediation →
90/100
Remediation priority · Urgent
Remotely reachable No privileges 8 weeks old

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Ladybird contains a dangling-reference memory-safety flaw in its WebAssembly ESM-integration module loader. When a JavaScript function is imported into a WebAssembly module via the ESM path, WebAssemblyModule.cpp passes a stack-local Wasm::FunctionType by reference to create_host_function, whose host callback captures and later reads that reference; once the ESM link-loop iteration ends the FunctionType is destroyed, leaving the callback with a dangling reference (the normal instantiate path uses a long-lived reference and is not affected). Stale result-type data lets the host callback return an empty result vector for a statically non-empty result, so the destination register retains an attacker-influenced value that is then consumed by the WASM-GC array.set handler, which bit-casts the reference low bits to an ArrayInstance pointer after only a null check, yielding an arbitrary write. A web page can chain this into code execution in the WebContent process. Verified reachable from HTML content without any instrumentation or source modification.

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Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Ladybird browser contains a dangling-reference memory-safety flaw in WebAssemblyModule.cpp where a stack-local Wasm::FunctionType is passed by reference to create_host_function during ESM import. When the ESM link-loop iteration ends, the FunctionType is destroyed but the host callback retains a dangling reference, causing it to return an empty result vector. This leaves attacker-influenced values in registers that the WASM-GC array.set handler then bit-casts to an ArrayInstance pointer after only a null check, enabling arbitrary write primitives reachable from HTML content.

MitigationFix the dangling reference by ensuring the Wasm::FunctionType has sufficient lifetime during the ESM import path, mirroring the long-lived reference pattern used in the unaffected normal instantiate path; consider using heap allocation or moving the FunctionType to a longer-lived scope.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Confirm Ladybird browser installation
    Check for the Ladybird executable (e.g., 'ladybird' binary or 'Browser' application bundle) in common locations such as /usr/bin/ladybird, /Applications/Ladybird.app on macOS, or via command: which ladybird
    Affected if Ladybird browser is not installed on the system
  2. Identify Ladybird version
    Run 'ladybird --version' or check the application bundle info for version metadata. Compare the version number against any released versions that include the fix for WebAssemblyModule.cpp
    Affected if Unable to determine version or version predates the fix for the dangling reference in ESM import handling
  3. Verify WebAssembly module support is enabled
    Check Ladybird configuration or runtime settings for WebAssembly (WASM) support. This may be found in preferences, about:config, or by inspecting compiled feature flags if accessible
    Affected if WebAssembly support is enabled (the vulnerability requires WASM to be functional to trigger the arbitrary write primitive)
  4. Determine if ESM import with WebAssembly is used
    Inspect any local web content, extensions, or test cases that load WebAssembly modules via ES6 import statements ('import' from .wasm files). Review application logs or network traffic for ESM-to-WASM import patterns
    Affected if The system processes or renders HTML content that uses ESM imports to load WebAssembly modules (the vulnerable code path is triggered during ESM link-loop iteration)
  5. Inspect WebAssemblyModule.cpp for the vulnerability pattern
    If source code access is available, examine WebAssemblyModule.cpp for stack-local Wasm::FunctionType passed by reference to create_host_function within ESM import handling code. Look for absence of heap allocation or long-lived scope for FunctionType in the ESM path versus the normal instantiate path
    Affected if Source code shows the vulnerable pattern: stack-local FunctionType with insufficient lifetime during ESM link-loop iteration

The environment is affected if Ladybird browser is installed with a version that predates the fix, WebAssembly is enabled, and the system processes HTML content using ESM imports to load WebAssembly modules.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

From vendor data
Mitigation available No clean upgrade yet — mitigate in the meantime
Mitigation

Fix the dangling reference by ensuring the Wasm::FunctionType has sufficient lifetime during the ESM import path, mirroring the long-lived reference pattern used in the unaffected normal instantiate path; consider using heap allocation or moving the FunctionType to a longer-lived scope.

Have this fixed Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation4.0 h
  • Implementation8.0 h
  • Testing6.0 h
  • Review / QA4.0 h
22.0 hours of engineering $3,860
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-58592 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

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What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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