ImmutableApplication · Immutable Js

CVE-2026-59880

HIGH · 7.5 CVSS v3.1 Published 2026-07-08
Fix available
A fix is available. Upgrade to 4.3.9 / 5.1.8 or later.
See remediation →
84/100
Remediation priority · High
Public exploit Remotely reachable No privileges Zero-click Patch available 6 weeks old

Official description Straight from the sourceThe vendor's or NVD's own wording, published unedited. Authoritative, but often terse — it says what broke, rarely what to do.

NVD · unedited
Immutable.js provides many Persistent Immutable data structures. Prior to 4.3.9 and 5.1.8, Immutable.Map and Immutable.Set keep keys that share the same 32-bit hash in a HashCollisionNode collision bucket that is scanned linearly, allowing an attacker who controls keys inserted into a Map, such as through Immutable.Map(obj), Immutable.fromJS(obj), state.merge(userObject), or mergeDeep, to craft many colliding keys and degrade insertion and lookup to consume disproportionate CPU. This issue is fixed in versions 4.3.9 and 5.1.8.

Technical summary Written by usOur analysis, written from the advisory, the CVSS vector and the affected-version data. It adds context the advisory leaves out, and never invents facts that are not in the source.

dbcve analysis · high confidence

Immutable.js HashCollisionNode uses linear scanning for keys with matching 32-bit hashes. An attacker controlling keys inserted via Immutable.Map(), Immutable.fromJS(), merge(), or mergeDeep() can craft many hash-colliding keys to cause disproportionate CPU consumption during insert and lookup operations, creating a denial-of-service vulnerability.

MitigationUpgrade Immutable.js to version 4.3.9 or 5.1.8 or later. If upgrade is not immediately feasible, validate and sanitize any user-controlled objects before passing them to Immutable.js collection constructors or merge methods.

Verify against the referenced sources before acting — the references below are authoritative for this CVE, this summary is not.

Affected products & versions What the vendor confirmedThe version ranges the vendor confirmed as vulnerable. If your version sits inside a range here, treat yourself as exposed until you have upgraded.

NVD · CPE data
ImmutableApplication
Affected:< 4.3.9>= 5.0.0, < 5.1.8

CVSS breakdown How the score is builtThe industry scoring standard. It rates how the flaw is reached, what it takes to exploit, and what an attacker gains — the score is derived from those, not the other way round.

From the vector
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Am I affected? How to checkSteps we derive from the advisory and the affected-version data, so you can decide whether this CVE reaches your setup. They are a guide, not a scan — your own configuration is the authority.

dbcve checks

Work through these to decide whether this CVE applies to you.

  1. Identify Immutable.js installation and version
    Check your package.json or node_modules/immutable/package.json for the installed version. Run 'npm list immutable' or 'yarn list immutable' to see the resolved version.
    Affected if The installed version is less than 4.3.9 OR is 5.0.0 through 5.1.7 (inclusive)
  2. Detect usage of vulnerable collection constructors
    Search your codebase for calls to Immutable.Map(), Immutable.fromJS(), merge(), or mergeDeep() that accept external or user-supplied input as keys.
    Affected if Your application passes user-controlled objects or keys to any of these methods without prior validation
  3. Determine if keys could be attacker-controlled
    Review the data flow leading to the affected methods. Check if keys originate from HTTP requests, API inputs, file uploads, or other untrusted sources.
    Affected if Keys inserted into Immutable collections can be set by an external attacker rather than being hardcoded or generated internally from trusted sources
  4. Check for HashCollisionNode trigger conditions
    Monitor or inspect your application behavior when inserting many records with potentially similar or crafted keys. The vulnerability is triggered when multiple keys share the same 32-bit hash value.
    Affected if Your application routinely inserts collections where an attacker could supply many keys designed to produce hash collisions
  5. Audit logging for CPU spikes during collection operations
    If already deployed, review application logs and monitoring for unusual CPU consumption correlating with collection insert or lookup operations involving external input.
    Affected if CPU consumption spikes occur during Immutable.js merge or insert operations with user-supplied keys, indicating potential exploitation
  6. Verify if the vulnerable code path is reachable
    Trace which Immutable.js methods are actually called at runtime and whether the code paths involving HashCollisionNode (triggered by hash-colliding keys) are exercised.
    Affected if The vulnerable linear-scan code path in HashCollisionNode can be reached through your specific usage patterns

You are affected if your installed Immutable.js version falls outside the fixed ranges (below 4.3.9 or 5.0.0-5.1.7) AND your application accepts external or user-controlled keys to be inserted via Map(), fromJS(), merge(), or mergeDeep() methods.

Generated from the published advisory. Verify against your own configuration.

Check your environment

Paste your version and any relevant configuration and it will be compared against the affected criteria above. Do not include secrets or credentials.

AI-assisted, checked against the advisory. Informational, not a guarantee.

Remediation Closing itWhat it takes to close this. Where a vendor fix exists we point at it; where none exists we say so plainly, and can build one. Effort estimates are scoped from the advisory, not from your codebase.

dbcve · scoped
Upgrade available Upgrade to 4.3.9 / 5.1.8 or later
Fixed in 4.3.95.1.8
Vendor patch github.com →
Interim mitigation

Upgrade Immutable.js to version 4.3.9 or 5.1.8 or later. If upgrade is not immediately feasible, validate and sanitize any user-controlled objects before passing them to Immutable.js collection constructors or merge methods.

Recommended fix High confidence

immutable-js version 4.3.9 or 5.1.8 (or later compatible versions)

  1. Identify the current version of immutable-js in use (check package.json or package-lock.json)
  2. If using immutable-js 4.x, upgrade to version 4.3.9 or later: npm install immutable@^4.3.9
  3. If using immutable-js 5.x, upgrade to version 5.1.8 or later: npm install immutable@^5.1.8
  4. Run tests to verify the upgrade does not break existing functionality
  5. Rebuild and redeploy the application
Caveat Patch/minor version upgrades typically have minimal breaking changes; however, review the immutable-js changelog between your current version and the target version to check for any deprecation warnings or behavioral changes

Generated from the published advisory — verify against the referenced sources before acting.

Fix this in Immutable Scoped from the published advisory
  • Consultation2.0 h
  • Implementation2.0 h
  • Testing4.0 h
  • Review / QA1.0 h
9.0 hours of engineering $1,540
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References Go to the primary sourcePrimary sources — vendor advisories, patches and trackers. Where our summary and a reference disagree, the reference wins.

Primary sources

Practitioner notes

Contributed

Peer-ranked notes from engineers who’ve handled CVE-2026-59880 in production — separate from our analysis above.

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What this is

A place for practitioners to share what actually worked: a mitigation you’ve tested, a configuration change, a version- or environment-specific caveat, or a link to a verified patch. The most useful notes rise to the top as peers upvote them, so the signal stays high.

What belongs here
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  • Version or environment caveats, and links to real fixes
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